Brief history of Ramayana

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Brief history of Ramayana. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Brief history of Ramayana paper right on time.

Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Brief history of Ramayana, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Brief history of Ramayana paper at affordable prices!

A Very Brief Summary of the Ramayana

Dasharatha, King of Kosala, had no sons, so he performed fire sacrifice. A figure appeared in the fire and offered the king rice pudding to give each of his three wives. Kausalya, the oldest gave birth to Rama. Kaikeyi gave birth to Bharata, and Sumitra, gave birth to the twins, Laxman and Shatrugna.

Rama, well-liked by all, was to be the heir to the throne. In his youth, he went with a sage to kill rakshasas. Pleased with Rama, the sage taught him several mantras to invoke heavenly power in his weapon. At the Sita's swayambara, it was proclaimed that he who was strong enough to lift an string a powerful bow would marry Sita. All failed, but Rama picked up the bow and snapped it in two trying to string it. Sita chose Rama as her husband.

Because of Jealousy and the bad advice of Manthara, Kaikeyi invoked a promise Dasharatha had once made to grant two wishes to his wife. She wished that her son, Bharata, become king and that Rama be exiled to the jungle for 14 years. Rama happily obliged, but the shock of the request ended up killing Dasharatha.

Loyal to Rama, Laxman and Sita request to go with Rama to the jungle. When Bharata returns, he is angry at his mother for making such a request and refuses the throne. Kaikeyi sees the error of her ways. Bharata goes to Rama and asks that he forget the request, but Rama insists on carrying out his father's word. Bharata returns to become temporary king, and Rama, Laxman and Sita begin life in the jungle.

Surpanakha, the sister of Ravana, lived in the jungle. One day, she saw Rama and became infatuated with him. Rama refused her advances and pointed her to Laxman, who also refused. Jealous, Surpanakha attacked Sita but was cut by Laxman in defense. She fled but brought her Asura brothers, Khara and Dhusana, to attack the them. Raman and Laxman killed them both. Frustrated, Surpanakha went to Lanka to consult with Ravana. Angered at seeing his sister mutilated, Ravana vowed revenge on Rama.

Ravana sent Maricha, a shape-shifter, in disguise as a deer to distract Rama. At Sita's request, Rama went to bring the deer to Sita but didn't return for a while. Worried, Sita sent Laxman to get Rama. Seeing that Sita was now alone, Ravana came to her in the form of an old beggar and tricked then abducted her and took her to Lanka.

Rama went Sugriva, king of the monkeys to ask them to look for Sita. Sugriva sent Hanuman to meet Rama and they started searching. Hanuman found an eagle in the South that had seen Ravana taking Sita and so the search party moved south, to Lanka. There, Hanuman grew in size and traversed 100 leagues of water as he jumped to Lanka. There he found Sita sitting in a grove of Ashoka trees.

Hanuman gives Sita the ring Rama had given him to prove his loyalty. Sita in turn gave her necklace to Hanuman. Ravana discovered the monkey god and his son, Inderjeet, captured him and demanded an explanation. Hanuman ordered Ravana to release Sita or else. Ravana, in turn set Hanuman's tail on fire. Seeing this, Hanuman jumped all over Lanka and set the city ablaze with his tail.

The monkeys built a bridge to Lanka in 5 days and Rama's army invaded the island. Many died on both sides. Ravana awoke his brother, Kumbhakarna, a sleeping behemoth to attack Rama. By using the mantras he had learned in youth, Rama emerged victorious.

Rama Killed Inderjeet, Ravana's son, in battle and Ravana furiously went to attack Rama. The two fought until they were badly wounded. Ravana then threw a spear that hit Laxman's chest, and left. The effects of the spear were such that Laxman would die without a particular medicine that grew in a tree in the Himalayas. Hanuman went to get this medicine but couldn't identify the tree upon arrival. Thus, he lifted the entire mountain and brought it to Rama. The medicine was administered and Laxman recovered.

In their second battle, Rama killed Ravana, first cutting of each of his 10 heads in procession and then piercing his heart with enchanted arrows. Ravana was practically invincible because no human was strong enough to kill him and a boon protected him from any God. Rama, an incarnation of Vishnu who didn't realize his divinity, was what ultimately did Ravana in. After the 14th year of exile, Rama returned to Ayodya to become king and ruled the happy Kingdom for many years.

Please note that this sample paper on Brief history of Ramayana is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Brief history of Ramayana, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Brief history of Ramayana will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Classification TEST

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Classification TEST. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Classification TEST paper right on time.

Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Classification TEST, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Classification TEST paper at affordable prices!

Scope

This method describes the procedure for determining the relationship between the particle size distribution of fine and coarse aggregates and fine grained soils for all construction except concrete construction.

Sample

Obtain a sample from plant or other source as described in STP 105 or as otherwise directed.

Mix sample well and break up any clay lumps; especially in fine grained materials.

Use a quartering method or sample splitter to reduce sample to appropriate test size as shown in the table. Do not adjustment sample to the exact value.

Required Materials and Equipment

-Balance - sensitive to 0.1 g.

-Sieves - Canadian Metric Standard square mesh sieves of size as required for the type of gradation for the material being tested.

-Mechanical sieve shaker. -Containers - pans suitable for washing the sample.

-Drying apparatus - suitable pans and stove for drying the sample.

Procedure

1. Dry sample to constant weight at a temperature not exceeding 110o C and .weight to the nearest 0.1 gram.. Place sample in a container and sufficient water to cover it.

. Agitate the contents of the container sufficiently to separate all particles finer than the 71 µm sieve, from the coarse particles. Break clay lumps with the fingers.

4. Bring all fine material into suspension and pour the wash water over the 71 µm sieve to remove suspended clay and silt.

5. Slowly pour the wash water over the 71 µm sieve taking care to avoid spilling coarse particles on the wash sieve.

6. Repeat washings until the wash water are clean.

7. Return material retained on the 71 µm sieve to the washed sample.

8. Dry washed sample to constant weight at temperature not exceeding 110o C and weigh to nearest 0.1 g.

. Nest the sieves with the finest sieve above the bottom pan and the coarsest sieve at the top.

10. Place the dried sample on the top sieve, place the sieves in the mechanical sieve shaker and shake for five minutes.

11. Weigh the material in the pan below the 71 µm sieve and record as the weight passing this sieve. Add the material resting on the 71 µm sieve to the material on the balance pan and record the total as the weight passing the next larger sieve. Repeat the procedure until all the material from each larger sieve has been weighed.

Calculation

Record test data directly on Form which is arranged for detailed calculations.

Add weight of material washed through the 71 µm sieve to the weight passing each sieve before calculating percentages.

Finally the Classification

1. Passing # 00 sieve

. L.L=.8

. P.I=5.

Then The Soil is classified as

Please note that this sample paper on Classification TEST is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Classification TEST, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Classification TEST will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Vietnam

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Vietnam. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Vietnam paper right on time.

Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Vietnam, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Vietnam paper at affordable prices!

Vietnam Vet Comes To SpeakDuring my junior year at Redwood High School the Vietnam War was covered extensively in my US History class. One of our main focuses was the effect that the war had both on the Vietnamese and the Americans, specifically the verterans of the war. The first fact that I learned about the war was the number of casualties there were; over 100,000 Americans died. That amazed me. I could not believe it. It occured to me that if that many people died at least twice that many will suffer, like family and friends. After that point the Vietnam war turned into a very heavy subject.Later on in our study of the effects of the war, our teacher had a guest speaker come in to talk. This speaker was here to talk about his experience in the Vietnam War where he fought for several years. The basic message that he sent across was that fighting was not a pleasurable experience, in fact it lead him into many problems that are still sticking with him for over 0 years. He talked for about an hour, but after about ten minutes he stopped talking about his experiences directly related to the war and began to talk about his problems. And although he was making everyone very serious and even sad, he was not doing it to get people to feel sorry for him. He was telling us about his life after the war, and yes the majority of it was messed up, and it really wasnt all his fault. All it took for you to understand all his drug, alcohol, and even mental problems was ten minutes of his talking about what he saw. Anyone who saw what he did would definitally have some problems.At the end of his presentation he told the class about Vietnam Veteran groups that are trying to help people like himself. Some of these groups include The Vietnam Veterans Association, The National Vietnam Veterans Association, and Vets With a Mission (VWAM).

Help with essay on Vietnam

Although we only had an hour to listen, I left that presentation with well more than an hours worth of information. For the first time I really understood the hardships of war and that even though you may physically survive you could be harmed for life.

Please note that this sample paper on Vietnam is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Vietnam, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Vietnam will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Resipitory

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on resipitory. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality resipitory paper right on time.

Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in resipitory, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your resipitory paper at affordable prices!

Case Study #1John, a 7-year-old grandfather, had been smoking heavily for 4 years and had a persistant cough . A biopsy of his lung tissue revealed considerable amounts of carbon particles. How could this happen considering the natural cleaning mechanism of therespiratory system?

Write my Essay on resipitory cheap

Several factors influence the effects of inhaled particles.. Size and heaviness are important because large and heavy particles settle more rapidly. Chemical composition is important because some substances, when in particle form, can destroy the cilia that the lungs use for the removal of particles. Cigarette smoking may alter the ability of the lungs to clear themselves.

Characteristics of the person inhaling particles can also influence the effects of dust. The settling of dust in the lungs increases with the length of time the breath is held and how deeply the breath is taken. The tars and gases in cigarette smoke progressively damage the lung tissue.

Cigarette smoke produces more mucus in the lungs but anesthetizes the tiny hairs, or cilia, that line the airways and are supposed to sweep the mucus and foreign matter toward the throat. (But as smokers sleep, the cilia partly recover and move some accumulated mucus and impurities out of the lungs to produce the morning smokers hacking cough.) Cigarette smoke impairs the functions of the pulmonary enzyme system and the lymphocytes designed to keep the lungs clean. The tars in cigarette smoke are solid chemical particles that condense as sticky resins in the lungs. Tar contains about 4,000 chemicals, a number of which are known to cause cancer.

After years of heavy smoking, the lungs cilia are destroyed, allowing mucus to accumulate and frequently become infected with colds, respiratory infections, and chronic bronchitis. Impaired lung function may lead to emphysema, an irreversible condition reducing lung elasticity and destroying air sacs that take in oxygen. Normally, 5 percent of an adults energy is expended for breathing; people with emphysema use 80 percent.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF QUITTINGAccording to the American Cancer Society, many of smokings adverse effects are reversed when smokers quit. „h Immediately Bronchitis and emphysema improve as breathing eases and lung function deterioration decelerates. „h After 1 year Risk of heart disease drops significantly. „h After 7 years Risk of bladder cancer drops to the same level as for nonsmokers. „h After 10 years Risk of heart disease is the same as nonsmokers. „h After 10 to 15 years Risk of shortened life expectancy, as well as risk of lung cancer, larynx cancer, and mouth cancer, approaches that of people who have never smoked.

Please note that this sample paper on resipitory is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on resipitory, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on resipitory will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Why life

If you order your cheap custom paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on why life. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality why life paper right on time.

Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in why life, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your why life paper at affordable prices with cheap custom writing service! Brian Friel (playwright) was born in 1 in Killyclogher, a mile and a half north east of Omagh and 7 miles from Derry. His father Patrick was appointed as principle of the Long Tower School in Derry and served six years as a Nationalist councillor at the Guildhall. Both Friels grandparents were Irish speakers and one grandfather was illiterate. When he was born, one-party rule was only nine years in operation. He followed awhile in his fathers footsteps as a teacher but eschewed politics and abandoned teaching and by the time he was forty in 16 he was the only writer in Derry supporting a family, with eight published plays to his credit and a contract with The New Yorker Magazine for his short stories.By the time of the premiere of his ninth play The Freedom of the City at the Abbey Theatre on 0 February 17 and a week later at the Royal Court in London, 700 were dead, 140 alone in Derry and its surrounding counties. Most English newspapers were predictably hostile to the plays political content an entertaining piece of unconvincing propaganda (Daily Telegraph) ; its bias against the English robs it of its potential power (Sunday Express); the writer was engaged in a Celtic propaganda exercise (Evening Standard); mawkish propaganda (Belfast Newsletter); and the play had angered senior Army officers in Ulster (Daily Mail). Irish newspapers flinched at the political directness, historical immediacy, the unrelenting conditions of poverty and impoverishment and unfulfilled potential of the three main characters from the minority population in Northern Ireland, the majority population of the City of Derry. They were at a loss when the play contained nothing of the sense of outrage that swept Catholic Ireland after Bloody Sunday and were burdened by the fact that the playwright conflated historical events and left it to the audience to evaluate what has happened.The death toll of the Troubles was 1,84 lives lost in the 70s; 85 lives lost in the 80s; 5 lives lost in the 0s; and 5 lives lost in the first two years of the new century. In 18, British Prime Minister Tony Blair set up a tribunal of inquiry into Bloody Sunday composed of a former Lord Justice of Appeal, Lord Saville, The Hon. William L. Hoyt former Chief Justice of New Brunswick, and John L. Toohey, former Justice of the High Court of Australia, which is still in session, investigating the most studied 0 minutes in Irish history. In 1, The Good Friday Agreement created a power-sharing assembly at Stormont that is currently under suspension but nevertheless has instituted democracy and devolved authority to the people of Northern Ireland.

Write my Essay on why life

Please note that this sample paper on why life is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on why life, we are here to assist you. Your cheap college papers on why life will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment from cheap custom writing service and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Blessings in Disguise

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Blessings in Disguise. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Blessings in Disguise paper right on time.

Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Blessings in Disguise, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Blessings in Disguise paper at affordable prices!

Blessings in DisguiseI believe the saying, "all things happen for a reason." I also believe the reason that some unfortunate things happen is so that you can appreciate the good things that you would have otherwise overlooked. I remember something that happened to me a couple of years ago. I had left my purse in a shopping cart at the Wal-mart parking lot. I was devastated. At the time it felt like the end of the world. I really felt stupid, and I couldn't blame anyone but myself. My daughter-in-law and I had been grocery shopping. When we got back to the truck, there were two young men sitting on the ground in front of the car beside us. They seemed to be having car trouble. They made me nervous as I unloaded my groceries because they were staring at us. I hurried and put the groceries in the back of the truck and left the parking lot.When I got home, I realized that I didn't have my purse. I knew I must have left it in the basket. I called the store and asked them if anyone had turned in a purse, of course, no one had. I rushed back to the store hoping that maybe I might find it sitting where I had left it. It wasn't there.

Do my essay on Blessings in Disguise CHEAP !

I immediately called and cancelled my credit cards. I contacted the bank and the police department to report what had happened. I kept hoping that maybe someone would be honest and turn it in. I had no such luck. I was extremely disappointed when I found out that no one had returned my purse. Mainly, I was mad at myself for being so careless of leaving my purse in the basket.There were things in my purse that could never be replaced. I had my grandpa and great-granny's social security cards that would mean nothing to anyone but me. My grandparents both passed away when I was seventeen years old and I was very close to them. The cards were the only things that I had of theirs except for memories. There was a pocket knife that my very first boyfriend had given to me when I was a teenager. My marriage license, driver's license, and social security card were in that purse. It held many little things that were important to me. Lastly, I had about five hundred dollars, which was all the money I had. The next morning I went to work and told my co-workers what I had done. I acted like such a baby. I cried every time I told my story. It just seemed like I had lost so much. The money could be replaced, but not the other things. Losing the sentimental things is what hurt me the most.I have worked at the same public school for the past fifteen years. My co-workers and I are like family. There are those that you are really close to and those you just get along with. I didn't realize how much like a family we were though, until the day after I lost my purse. A very close friend of mine at school had a couple of students go around the school and collect money from the school staff to help replace what I had lost. I don't know who gave what, but they raised four hundred dollars and that replaced most of the money. My friend let the students present me with the money and I was so touched that all I could do was cry. The two students hugged me trying to make me feel better. The reason I was crying wasn't because I felt bad, it was due to the fact that my co-workers had touched my heart so much.What really made me feel good was to know that it affected the students who presented me with the money. The students were eighth graders then and have since graduated from our school. At the end of that school year, the eighth graders were asked to write about their most memorable time at school so it could be put in the yearbook. One of the students recalled the time when they collected the money to give to me and how it made me cry.I know there are bad people in the world, but I couldn't blame any of them for getting my purse. Just because those guys were looking at us in the parking lot didn't mean they were up to anything and just because they were the last people I saw, doesn't mean they had taken my purse. I got so nervous over nothing. In spite of my paranoia and carelessness, I found out that there are some very good people in the world. It just so happens that I work with a lot of them. I have also learned that I should not carry certain items with me. I need to leave anything valuable at home in a safe place. I might forget my purse again.

Please note that this sample paper on Blessings in Disguise is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Blessings in Disguise, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Blessings in Disguise will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

The Anime invasion: More than just cute faces?

If you order your cheap term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on The Anime invasion: More than just cute faces?. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality The Anime invasion: More than just cute faces? paper right on time.

Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in The Anime invasion: More than just cute faces?, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your The Anime invasion: More than just cute faces? paper at affordable prices!

The Anime Porn MarketWhat is Anime?There is a general awareness today that the market for anime is growing in the U.S. However, there is less awareness--or agreement--as to exactly what anime is.Anime or anim is the Japanese word for cinematic animation, taken from the English word animation. To the anime enthusiasts in America, anime means any animation produced in Japan, no matter the intended audience--whether a TV cartoon series for young children (Samurai Pizza Cats and Sailor Moon are two recent examples, and there was a Japanese TV animated serialization of Heidi, Girl of the Alps in 174, eight years before Hanna-Barberas Heidis Song feature), an animated adult cultural feature (there have been two feature-length animated productions of The Diary of Anne Frank), or an action-adventure thriller filled with violence and sexual situations.

Buy cheap The Anime invasion: More than just cute faces? term paper

However, since the main American market for anime consists of teens and adults looking for light entertainment, that is just about all that gets licensed for American release. Most juvenile cartoons and the adult intellectual animation tends to remain on their studios shelves in Tokyo. As a result, a perception has been growing in America that anime is synonymous with violent, sexual animation only. A February 1, 18 New York Times story on contemporary Japanese animation comments on its wide range, but emphasizes that anim refers strictly to `adult Japanese animation ... racy, battle-ravaged anim ... `pornimation, as some of the steamier romps with Western-looking women, from college girls to the princesses of sci-fi legend, are sometimes called in the United States ... anim is all violence and sex ... The article also refers to one of Japans most popular childrens TV cartoon stars, the robot cat Doraemon, as scantily clad; an innuendo equivalent to identifying Donald Duck or Porky Pig only as cartoon characters who go about in public without any pants on.This has reached the point that major American animation presenters with Japanese titles in their lineups are trying to disassociate themselves from the anime label. Michael Johnson, president of Buena Vista Home Entertainment, said in Daily Variety, February 1, 18, of Disneys forthcoming U.S. release of Hayao Miyazakis 17 Japanese box-office-record-breaking feature Princess Mononoke, This is not anime ... its not effects-driven or violence-driven. Mike Lazzo, vice president of programming for the Cartoon Network, assured the public in USA Today, December 18, 17 that anime is not shown on American TV. Japan animation is so different from what airs here ... Its far edgier, adult and violent. Anime isnt very story-based ... The story is hard to follow. When it was pointed out that the Cartoon Network shows Speed Racer and Voltron, both juvenile action-adventure TV cartoon series produced in Japan, Lazzo said that neither show is in the style of anime. (In the original Japanese version of Voltron, the Earth is completely destroyed by the space villains. That episode is omitted from the heavily rewritten American version.)This evolution of the definition of anime will doubtlessly be intensified by the increasing importation of Japanese animated adult erotic fare, to mix with the action-adventure anime market. When the first anime-genre videos were released in 10-1 through mail order and direct sales to the comic-book fandom specialty stores, it was understood by this market that these were animated equivalents of movies like The Terminator and Die Hard, full of explosions, blood-n-guts, adult dialogue, and often a brief risqu nude scene. Around 14 the anime videos expanded into the major video mass-market chains and became accessible to the general public, which tends to assume automatically that all animated cartoons are safe for children. This resulted in the necessity for warning advisories on the video boxes such as Contains violence and nudity; Contains brief nudity and mature situations. Parental discretion advised; and, Recommended for Mature Viewers. But these did not yet include explicit sexual titles.Animes BeginningsAsian attitudes towards eroticism have always been more open than those of the West. One of the earliest Japanese TV cartoon series was Sennin Buraku (Hermits Village), a fifteen-minute late-night erotic humor anthology roughly equivalent to Playboys Ribald Classics which aired from 1140 to 1155 p.m. for two months in 16. Osamu Tezuka (18-18) is revered as the father of both Japans comic book and animation industries, writing and illustrating the series known in America as Astro Boy and Kimba, the White Lion. It is less well known that Tezuka also tried to create a popular acceptance of animation with intellectually artistic mature themes. In November 166, he produced Pictures at an Exhibition, a Fantasia-like transformation of Mussorgskys famous composition into a modern political cartoon, presenting the musical pictures as satirical portraits of ruthless corporate bosses, affectedly aesthetic artists, scandal-mongering journalists, rebellious teens, vapid TV personalities and the like. In June 16, he released One Thousand and One Nights, a 18-minute adult adaptation of The Arabian Nights full of adventure, Rabelaisian humor, and all the erotic innuendo of the original Persian tales. This was a major theatrical release, intended by Tezuka to be comparable to Western live-action movie adaptations of such adult literary classics as Lady Chatterleys Lover and Lolita.Japanese animated explicitly adult cartoons developed along with the general animated direct-to-video market. The first Japanese Original Animated Video (OAV) title was a science-fiction drama, Dallos, released in December 18. The third OAV release, on February 1, 184, was Lolita Anime I Yuki no Kurenai Kesho Shojo Bara Kei (freely translated, Crimson Cosmetic on the Snow Young Girls Rose Punishment). This half-hour video, first in the short-lived Wonder Kids erotic anime series, consisted of two 15-minute dramas of rape and sadistic sexual torture/murder of schoolgirls, whose spirits exact a gruesome supernatural vengeance. Of the seventeen OAVs released during 184, six were general and eleven were pornographic. In 185, after the viability of the direct-video market for action-adventure anime had been established, the total was 8 action-adventure titles to just another eleven porno titles. The Japanese domestic OAV market has grown accordingly, over the past decade, with 17s output of 16 general titles and 6 erotic titles (including some multiple volumes of series) being about the average ratio.The Anime Porn PlayersThere are differences of opinion as to what constitutes anime porn, but four anime specialty video producers have special labels for their releases which primarily emphasize nudity and explicit adult sexual situations. These are A.D. Visions SoftCel Pictures series, Central Park Medias Anime 18 series, Media Blasters Kitty Media series, and The Right Stuf Internationals Critical Mass series. The other anime specialty producers state that they are not interested in getting into the video erotica market. However, most of them have at least one adult feature in their catalogues which includes a brief but intense shocker scene such as a graphic rape. For some sensibilities, this is enough to establish the movie as pornography.Two such companies, Manga Entertainment (ME) and Streamline Pictures, feel that their video box art makes it clear to the public that their anime titles are adult action-adventure rather than eroticism. Chicago-based Manga Entertainments media relations representative, Danielle Opyt, says, Due to the basic nature of anime, all of our videos bear a distinctive sticker showing our Manga Man cartoon spokesman and our flaming Manga Entertainment logo, with the warning, Manga Man Says Parental Discretion Advised. This covers everything from strong language to brief nudity and graphic violence. Carl Macek, president of Streamline Pictures in Los Angeles, says, We have always presented anime for a wide range of tastes, from child-friendly to movies whose main characters are engaged in such obviously mature activities as smoking and drinking cocktails. Those which contain brief but intense adult situations carry an appropriate warning notice. In 14 we arranged with Orion Home Video to distribute most of our titles, and Orion created a Not For Kids sticker which it has automatically put on all the Streamline video boxes. This includes the whole range from PG-level content to R-level content.Central Park Media and UrotsukidojiThe best-known anime porn title, and the one which started the American adult video market, is the notorious Urotsukidoji Legend of the Overfiend; first of the erotic grotesque (more popularly known as tentacle porn) genre. This began in Japan with the January 187 release of the first of a five-video adaptation of Toshio Maedas horror comic-book novel, produced by West Cape Corporation, best known in America for its Space Cruiser Yamato/Star Blazers space adventure series. Urotsukidoji is about the invasion and conquest of Earth by oversexed supernatural demons who enslave humanity and use our women as their sexual playthings. Generations pass. There are human plots to destroy the monsters, which often attempt to take advantage of their sexual obsession and turn it against them. The tale becomes more complex when a third group eventually emerges of human/monster crossbreeds, rejected by both parents. They are intellectually inclined to join the humans, but their intense carnal drives are still too uncontrollable to make them comfortable allies for the human rebels. Sequels eventually extended the series to eleven videos.The first Urotsukidoji episode, a complete story in itself, was dubbed into English by John ODonnell, president of New York Citys Central Park Media (CPM) video distribution company, which had been releasing adventure anime videos since October 11 under its U.S. Manga Corps label. Urotsukidoji was actually premiered theatrically in London at a two-day anime film festival on October 0 - 1, 1, where it played to sold-out screenings on both days. Its American release was at NYCs Angelika Theater in January 1. It began a national art theater tour in June, which resulted in local press coverage practically everywhere it played about how Japanese animation certainly isnt like American animation! CPM scheduled it for a video release in August, 1.According to Valerio Rossi, CPMs marketing/production coordinator, it was the companys realization that Urotsukidoji was too sexually intense to fit into its U.S. Manga Corps boys adventure line that led to the creation of the separate Anime 18 label. All five episodes were released, both on video tape and laser disc, between August and December 1. They sold so well, and generated so many requests from anime fans for more of the same nature, that CPMs Anime 18 releases have been appearing steadily since then. Plus, the original 5 mm Urotsukidoji story is still popular on the art theater circuit as a midnight feature.A Closer Look at the LabelingA.D. Vision, in Houston, released its first anime video in November 1. For the next two years, its A.D. Vision Films label included both regular action-adventure anime and some of the milder erotic comedies such as F (Frantic, Frustrated & Female) , often with editing of brief explicit scenes to make them suitable for a Parental Guidance Recommended warning. The companys first release under its SoftCel Pictures label, reserved for an emphasis of explicit adult scenes, was The Legend of Lyon in November 14. A.D. Vision put out 1 SoftCel Pictures releases during 15 and 1 through the first half of 16, some of which were rereleases of previous A.D. Vision Films titles in their unedited form. Janice Williams, A.D. Visions production coordinator, says that the company has had very few SoftCel releases since June 16, but that is not because they have not sold well. They are almost all still in print and selling very consistently. A.D. Vision made a tremendous investment in mid-16 to license a great quantity of general anime titles. We are currently working through a big production backlog getting them onto the market before we can produce new SoftCel releases. We constantly get e-mail requests from our fans asking when we are going to put out a new SoftCel title. We will definitely resume them soon.The Right Stuf International, in Des Moines, does not consider itself really in the adult market. President Shawne Kleckner says, Manga Entertainment released an edited version of Violence Jack and a lot of fans wanted to see it uncut, so we arranged with ME to release an unedited edition (in November 16). It was too intense for our regular Right Stuf line, so we created the Critical Mass label. Then in 17 we had a chance to license a really funny adult comedy, Weather Report Girl, and we did not want to pass it up. We do not have any specific plans at present for any more Critical Mass releases, but there will doubtlessly be more when the right titles come along.The newest anime specialty producer/distributor, New York Citys Media Blasters, actually began with its adult line, Kitty Media. President John Sirabella says, Our first video was Rei-Lan Orchid Emblem, on May 6, 17, and we have released at least one Kitty Media title every month since then. I was already working in the anime field with the Software Sculptors line through Central Park Media, and I saw that there was a large Japanese adult animation source which was still relatively untapped for this country. The potential American market was very good, but the existing anime distributors were only putting out a few releases. They had solid general release catalogues, and they were nervous about the repercussions of getting into the adult market in a major way. So I started Kitty Media to be the best and biggest company in the adult anime market. Now that we have a solid backlist of over a dozen titles, we are expanding Media Blasters beyond the Kitty Media label. Our first AnimeWorks label release, which carries a Kid Safe = For Audiences of All Ages! logo, was Ninku the Movie in March. We are also starting a couple of live-action labels, Kaiju Productions for monster movies in the Godzilla and Rodan vein, and Tokyo Shock for the Japanese equivalent of the Hong Kong action thrillers. It has been the success of Kitty Media that is making this growth possible.Anime Does Not Equal PornographyA.D. Vision, Central Park Media and Media Blasters are all happy with the adult market, but they are not as pleased with the publics perception of it as synonymous with pornography. Sirabella says that, There are varying degrees of adult, some of which do not involve eroticism at all. One of our new Kitty Media releases, Dark Cat, is definitely not for children. It is a shocking horror film with intense violence, but no sexual situations. Two CPM staffers are more perturbed by the publics dismissal of all anime as pornography. Valerio Rossi says, Frankly, we are considerably disturbed by what seems to be a growing trend to consider anime as nothing but sex and brutal violence. That is a complete distortion of CPMs catalogue. Our Anime 18 titles, as popular as they are, account for only about 10% of our anime releases; between 5% and 10%. CPM releases almost a half-dozen anime videos a month among four different labels. There are two or three U.S. Manga Corps releases and one or two Software Sculptors releases every month. Those are popular action-adventure, horror or comedy titles. The U.S. Manga Corps anime is more mainstream and the Software Sculptors titles are more alternate or artistic. Our main Central Park Media label, which is our general label for mostly non-Japanese videos such as live-action documentaries, only includes an anime release every two or three months. Those are usually adaptations of Japanese literary works, such as Grave of the Fireflies and the Animated Classics of Japanese Literature series. Our Anime 18 titles average only one a month or six weeks; maybe eight or nine a year. So thats only eight or nine adult titles compared to 45 to 50 anime titles a year without sexual content. That makes it very frustrating to hear someone say, `Oh, yeah, I know about anime. Its those porno cartoons from Japan.Jeff Zitomer, CPMs supervisor of production and marketing, feels that even the anime that emphasizes sexual content is misrepresented by being equated with pornography. There is an important misconception in thinking of the adult anime labels like Anime 18 as animated pornography. If you look at actual pornographic videos, youll see that they have no real story, no characters or character development, no attempt at imaginative camerawork--just close-ups of straight sex. The adult anime market is actually aimed at viewers who want intense adult situations in real stories, whether its dramatic action or humor. There are eleven video volumes in the Urotsukidoji saga, and its story progress is actually more important than the sex. You could fast-forward through the naughty scenes and still have an interesting story to follow. The sexual nature of the story puts it into a unique category; its not just a horror movie with a lot of sex scenes which could be taken out without changing the story. The Anime 18 line is not a porno line as much as a next step in animated storytelling for mature audiences, as the next step in adventure films beyond PG is an R rating. Our Anime 18 titles are for adults who want even more mature situations and dialogue in their suspense or their comedy, but who definitely want a story and interesting characters rather than just naked bodies engaged in sex.U.S. RestrictionsHowever, the sexual content of the adult anime market is undeniable. This has created some special emphases in acquisitions and marketing. John Sirabella says, There are definite legal restrictions which must be taken into consideration. The main problem is that U.S. child pornography laws forbid showing children in sexual situations, so all the characters in erotic videos have to look 18 or older. But this is not a restriction in Japan. Also, Japanese women are so small that even one who is supposed to be an adult may look underage by our standards. We have to turn down more adult anime titles than we can accept because the characters look too young to be called adult.CPMs Jeff Zitomer concurs. Due to the American tendency to assume that cartoons are for kids, CPM is very careful that the packaging of every Anime 18 video makes it unmistakable that it contains adult content and is for adult viewers only. This is done in a tasteful manner which emphasizes the storys dramatic content rather than a sex-appeal hard-sell, but which leaves no way that a parent or a video-shop clerk could mistake it as suitable for children or young teens. Also, due to recent federal child pornography laws, the packaging and a special video header at the beginning of the tape states clearly that the entire cast is 1 years old or older.The adult anime market exists primarily through direct sales mail-order to customers, and wholesale to specialty shops which cater to anime and to comic-book fans. CPMs Joe Cirillo, sub-licensing coordinator, says that at the anime fan weekend conventions which are spreading around America, The Anime 18 titles often almost sell out by the end of the first day. All three companies refer to their adult labels as safe, steady sellers. In comparison with the general anime market, there are no best-sellers but no bombs, either. Also, there are almost no adult titles which start off selling strongly but soon taper off. They just sell steadily--and without requiring the advertising expenditures needed to promote the general anime titles. Speaking of the comic-book specialty market, CPM is also a publisher (as CPM Manga) of American editions of Japanese adventure comic books, especially those which are the sources of the anime titles which CPM sells. The company is about to launch an adult label, CPM Manga X, beginning in July 18. The May issue of Diamond Dialogue, the promotional magazine of Diamond Comics Distributor, describes CPM Manga X as ... bringing Japans best adult manga to American audiences ... in a -page, black-&-white format priced at $.5 per issue. The line will open with the English translation of the manga version of the adult anime classic Urotsukidoji Legend of the Overfiend #1, written and illustrated by Toshio Maeda. The manga will contain many scenes which were not included in the video series ... (A highlight of the first issue for Overfiend fans will be a manga treatment of the films classic scene in the nurses office.)On the whole, the anime distributors have not been able to get their adult labels into the general home video market yet. Cirillo refers to the major video distributors and video retail chains as staying clear of adult anime. Sirabella says that some distributors and chains carry the Kitty Media titles, while others will not take them. All three anime distributors try to produce two versions of their releases (but with some titles this is not possible); one uncut for the adult market and a general release version that will be acceptable to the chains like MusicLand and Sam Goodys. Still Outside the MainstreamThe general American adult TV/video market remains largely untapped. Cirillo says that Penthouse Comix has reviewed some of the Anime 18 videos, but that the adult pay-per-view TV channels are mostly not interested. Sales to the American erotic-shop market have been very small, and the anime distributors have mixed feelings about trying to increase them. Sirabella says, The adult book and video specialty shops have a bad reputation for non-payment. Also, the American erotic video industry is used to price-points of $.5 or less, which we cant sell at. And the anime specialty industry is having enough trouble with animes reputation as nothing but sex & violence for us to want to risk making it all look even more like pornography through guilt by association by increasing animes visibility in the sex shops. (Intriguingly, the first adult anime to be released in America appeared in adult book shops in the late 180s. The Brothers Grime was a three-video cartoon-pornography series produced by Excalibur Films, Inc. of Fullerton, CA in 186, 187, and 188, using titles primarily from Japans Cream Lemon series, the most popular of Japans erotic anime before Urotsukidoji. Since Excalibur Films had no creative ties to the anime field, there was no attempt to remain faithful to the original versions. A secretary at Excalibur says that The Brothers Grime is still selling well today, and she has no idea why the company never followed those three videos up with more anime imports. The Cream Lemon series is one in which most of the characters appear to be much too young to be plausibly described as over 18.)None of the anime distributors are willing to discuss sales figures, but John Sirabella makes a broad estimate that adult anime is about 0% to 40% of the overall anime market. If the general market is $100,000,000, that means that the adult videos are selling $0,000,000 to $40,000,000 a year. This is disputed by CPMs sales director, Mike Pascuzzi, who estimates that the adult sales only make 15% to 0% of the general market. Dont forget that there are several other anime video releasers such as Viz Video, Pioneer, AnimEigo and Urban Vision which do not have an adult label at all. They may have a few individual titles which require a Mature Audiences warning due to R-level content, but they are not really in the adult market. This may be a difference in perception as to what constitutes the adult anime market as distinct from the general market. Would a raunchy adolescent comedy full of college-fraternity style humor such as panty raids, peeking into the womens-gym showers and foul-mouthed dialogue, but no explicit sex, count as an adult or as a general sale? Although the dividing line between general anime and adult anime may be vague, there is a definite adult market. All the anime companies producing for that market agree that sales are steady, and increase as a direct result of the number of titles available. There is no sign yet of any saturation level. As long as production in Japan turns out 50 or 60 new titles per year, there appears to be the potential for unlimited growth. Many, though not all, of the adult cartoon videos range from mild eroticism to explicit pornography. However, there does not seem to be a broad correlation between the anime pornography audience and the market for American-made stag cartoons and live-action sex films. The overlap so far is minor, and the American general erotic video/TV market does not seem to be interested in tapping into the lode of Japanese animated titles.The immediate concern of the American anime industry is not expanding its adult market share as much as doing damage control to keep a public conception from solidifying that all anime is pornographic, which could be highly injurious to the potentially much larger market for general action-adventure anime. Ironically, anime enthusiasts--the hard-core fans as well as the manufacturers--have been citing for years the theatrical animation of Hayao Miyazaki as well as popular TV series such as Speed Racer and Sailor Moon as examples of the best in anime, which they have hoped will transcend the anime cult reputation and popularize Japanese animation with the general public. Now these titles are being marketed to the general public, by major American animation purveyors who are denying that they are anime--who are promoting them as much better than that notorious Japanese low-quality sex-&-violence anime. The next couple of years may see which definition of anime will become standardized in America.

Please note that this sample paper on The Anime invasion: More than just cute faces? is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on The Anime invasion: More than just cute faces?, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college papers on The Anime invasion: More than just cute faces? will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!