Advantages of Dying Young

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A.E. Housman's poem, "To an Athlete Dying Young," reflects the life of a young athlete's victory not only in a small town race, but also a victory in his death. Housman uses short and choppy words to express his ideas. The simplicity of this poem is the best quality the poem possesses. A good example of the poem's simplicity is the fact that barely any words contain more than two syllables. The reader must carefully analyze the poem in order to realize the poem's true meaning. Even though Housman uses choppy words in his poetry, he is really trying to explain his poetry more elaborately. Housman's writing style is extremely effective in this poem because the athlete lived a short life, yet, he lived his life elaborately.

The first stanza describes the athlete's victory in a town race where "man and boy stood cheering by" for the special occasion. In the second stanza, however, the athlete has come to "the road all runners come," referring to his death. The parallel between the first two stanzas is very close and most readers seem to miss the paradox between the athlete being carried shoulder-high after the race, and the athlete being carried shoulder-high after his death. Also by the end of the first two stanzas, the reader starts to wander who is actually speaking throughout the poem. Through much deliberation, I have come to the conclusion that the persona is a friend of the athlete who is also helping carry the athlete's casket.

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The third and fourth stanzas refer to the deceased athlete as a "smart lad" to have died before his records were broken. The speaker describes an athlete's life as "fields where glory does not stay," meaning that someone will always come along who is faster or smarter than the person before them. Housman uses the laurel to symbolize the athlete's victory in the race, but he also uses the rose to symbolize how fast his glory will die. The athlete, being in his youth, is probably naive and does not realize that his records will eventually be broken, but the speaker knows the athlete's record will be broken and is glad the athlete will not be alive to witness the fall of his own glory.

The fifth stanza describes the typical athlete who is usually forgotten before he or she dies and how hard it would be to go from a well-known athlete to a nobody. The speaker again praises the athlete for quitting at the height of his career. Michael Jordan, for example, is a famous basketball player who retired at the apex of his career, and even though he returned to the game, he had already carved his name in the hearts and minds of people around the world. Since Housman wrote this poem during World War I, another example could be the soldier who is thought of as a hero by his fellow people for his bravery, but most soldiers who survive the war are not recognized nearly as much as the soldiers who die during the war. The speaker emphasizes the advantages of dying young so much that is seems as if he is trying to convince the reader to die in his or her prime so that he or she too, can preserve his or her truth and beauty.

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In the sixth and seventh stanzas, the speaker declares the memory of the athlete preserved in the town forever. The town will not only remember the athlete because of his victory in the

race, but also because of his death. A tragic incident such as a young man's death is not easily forgotten in a small town, especially since he has already made a name for himself as runner.The athlete does not only win the race; he also wins the sympathy and sorrow of the townspeople by dying.

Housman's simple diction in this poem causes the reader to search beyond the actual words for the meaning. Housman's simplistic style also allows more varied types of people to read his literary works, and more important, understand his works. During his time period at the end of the nineteenth century, particularly when the lower and middle classes began to move to the city in masses and were exposed to a variety of literature never before available on their comprehension level. Housman's theme of death in his poetry was appropriate for his day due to World War I and has been just as appropriate for every generation after him because of the continuous wars throughout the world. His open curiosity of death has caused many to acknowledge him as a precursor to modern poetry.

Please note that this sample paper on Advantages of Dying Young is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Advantages of Dying Young, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Advantages of Dying Young will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Spence

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Sir Patrick Spence (based on an old Scottish ballad, translated and heavily altered by me...) The lord sits in a High Marches town,

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Drinking the blood red wine0h where will I get a steely skipper,To sail this ship of mine? Then up and spoke an elder knight,Sat at the lords right knee,Sir Patrick Spence is the best captain,That ever sailed the sea Our lord wrote an urgent plea,And sealed it with his hand,And sent it to Sir Patrick Spence,Who was walking on the strand. To Ussura, to Ussura,To Ussura over the foam;My young daughter is in Ussura,Its your task to bring her home. The first line that Sir Patrick read,Came near to make him cry;With the next line that Sir Patrick read,A tear did blind his eye. Oh who is this that has done this deed,And told the lord of me,To send us out at this time of yearTo sail the churning sea? Between the wind, the hail and sleet,Our ship will sail the foam;The lords daughter is in Ussura,And my men will bring her home. My boys will sail this coming morn,With all the speed that they can eke;Theyll landed in cold UssuraIn little more than a week. Prepare the men, my boson dear,Our good ship sails the mornBut the skies are dark, my master sir,And I fear a deadly storm. I saw the new moon late yesterday,With the old moon in her arm,And I fear, I fear, my master dear,That we will come to harm. They had not sailed a league, a league,A league but barely three,When the light grew dark, and the wind blew loud,And angry grew the sea. The anchors broke, and the topmasts cracked,Twas such a deadly stormAnd the waves came over the broken ship,Till all her sides were torn. Go fetch a swath of the silken cloth,Another of the twine,And wrap them to our good ships side,That the salt sea comes not in! They fetched a swath of the silken cloth,Another of the twine,And wrapped them to the good ships side,But still the sea came in! O loath, loath were our goodly men,To wet their cork-heeled shoes;But afore too long, the ship did sink And they were cast into the blue. Many were the good sailors then,That floundered in the foam;And many were the good sons lost,To never more come home! The ladies wrung their fingers white,And paced upon the shore,For the sake of their true loves,but them theyll see no more! Oh long, long may the ladies sit,With their fans held in their hands,But theyll never see Sir Patrick SpenceCome sailing to the strand! O long, long will the maidens sit,With their gold combs in their hair,All waiting for their own dear loves,but theyll see them no more there! Some forty miles from Marches green,And fifty fathoms deep,There lies good Sir Patrick Spence,With many good men at his feet! The lord now sits with brooding frown,And mourns for his long lost daughterAnd the good men that he sent out to seaNow lost beneath the water. hiPlease note that this sample paper on Spence is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Spence, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Spence will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Present tenses

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Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in present tenses, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your present tenses paper at affordable prices! PRESENT TENSESPresent SimpleFORM rd person sing͖ -s

͖ -es wash, mix, go

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͖ -fly flies; stay stays USE1) to denote truths· habitual a frequency adverb is often used-he smokes 40 cigarettes a day.-he usually takes the bus to work.· general, recurrent

-English people drink a lot of tea.· mathematical, scientific, geographical

-water boils at 100 degrees.

-the river Po flows into the Adriatic Sea.· permanent actions

-I live in Milan - vs - I'm living in Milan (now-temporary)) to give instructions / directions

-first you take eggs and then you mix them with…) in narrative to describe summarised events· journalism

-"Bush addresses Congress"· plot summaries film, book, historical table

-In Chapter 1 Susan meets Greg and…

-178. The French revolution begins.4) timetable future per orari di partenza/arrivo mezzi di trasporto; inizio/fine spettacoli…

-the train leaves at o'clock.

-he takes the 1st train tomorrow.5) suggerimenti, inviti alla forma negativa

-WHY DON'T YOU…?6) WHAT DO YOU DO?͖What's your job?7) with "state" verbs· percezione involontaria hear, see, smell, seem, appear, taste· volontà want, need, prefer,wish· sentimento love, like, dislike, hate· possesso have (got), belong, own, possess· cost, be, depend, matter, exist, weigh = pesare, contain, include· believe, know, suppose, think, understand.N.B. Some of these verbs can be used in continuous forms with a change of meaningØ I'm having breakfast. (=eat)Ø I'm tasting the soup to check if it needs more salt. (=sample)Ø I'm thinking of buying a new car (=consider)Present ContinuousFORM ie͖y lie/lying

c͖ck mimic/mimicking

run͖runningUSE1) a temporary action - now -; a continuous action already begun not yet complete

-he's studying.) a temporary action begun recently, continuing, but not expected to be permanent

-I'm living in Milan.) temporary habit not necessarily taking place at the moment

-I'm studying Japanese.4) a regrettable habit ("ALWAYS")

-he's always losing his keys!5) to describe a photo6) azione programmata per il futuro (appointment, arranfement already made)

-I'm seeing the doctor tomorrow morning.

-how long are you staying in Rome?7) formal (letters)Ø I am LOOKING FORWARD TO + ing da ora in poi, verso il futuroI have been looking forward to meeting her fine- nn vedevo l'ora…Ø TO BE HOPING TO + ingPAST TENSESSimple pastFORM cooked worried slipped mimickedUSE1) single finished action with clear time marker

-I played tennis yesterday

-I left my shopping bag on the train (= a definite place suggests a definite time)- N.B.I was born on 11th August,18.- ) past habits/states ( a time expression is usually necessary )

-I always got up early in those days.

-I rode a horse when I was young.

-I lived in Paris FOR several years before movin to London---not any longerN.B. USED TO past habit vs present

-I used to drink tea when I was young but now I prefer coffee./didn't use- did

you use to?/

WOULD past habit (usually in writing) but not in contrast with the present

-I would always make my mum a cup of tea after lunch.Present Perfect1) recent event without a definite time (sottointeso just)

-I have read the instructions but I don't understand them.N.B.- I bought a new bracelet l'attenzione è sull' azione

-When/where did you buy it? l'attenzione è sul luogo, tempo in cui l' azione, ormai

conclusa, è avvenuta.) event whose result is evident in the present

-I've broken my arm, as you can see.

-I've washed the car (=now it's cleaned)) past action with present relevance

-I've studied French (=so I can translate this passage)

-I've seen the film (=so I can tell you about it)

-INTERVIEW-RELEVANT EXPERIENCEWhy are you suitable for this job? Because I

have studied/I have worked…4) action begun in the past incomplete - it still goes on FOR SINCE

-I have lived in Milan for since…5) with ADVERBS of FREQUENCY· always often generally usually sometimes rarely/seldom hardly ever(-) never (-) ever (?)· still just already yet (-) almost recently

-I've just finished it. Ma-I've finished it recentlty-yet(-)

-I still have seen her.6) time span not yet over· this morning / afternoon / week / century…

-I've seen her this morning (she's probably still here)vs I aw her earlier (she could be

anywhere now)· so far/up to now (the job hasn't been too tiring)· all day· in my life· in the last few days / weeks· in this century· N.B.It's the 1st time…7) I HAVE BEEN to Bath times this week(=sono già tornato) I HAVE GONE to Bath today. I'm coming back at 6(=sono ancora a B.)8) with a future meaning following WHEN AFTER AS SOON AS (FUT. ANTER)

-I' ll come when I have finished.Present Perfect Continuous Past Perf Cont-USE 1) emphasises the length of time of an action. The action is NOT COMPLETED still goes on or recently finished. -I've been baking biscuits ALL AFTERNOON. -(So far) I've backed 50 biscuits altogether.(= giving the number of actions suggests

completion) -I've lived in this house FOR 5 years = I've been living in this house FOR 5 years.MAPRES.PERF.CONT con How long, sit, lie, wait, stay) explanation of a present situation - no…perchè… - -I won't shake hands, I've been gardening. -I've been digging the garden. That's why I'm so dirty! -Why are you so tired? I haven't been sleeping very well (=E' un pò di tempo che…)) explanation of a period of time just finishing -I'm sorry I'm late. I've been talking to my boss. -Where have you been? I've been waiting for ages. -They have been promising a new metro line for years but although they have been

talking and talking nothing has been done / they haven' t done anything.4)I' VE BEEN LOOKING FORWARD TO + ING I' VE BEEN MEANING/INTENDING TO VISIT for ages but I'm very busy implies that the action has not been done.

Past Continuous1) past action in progress (also descriptions); often contrasted with a sudden event in the Simple Past (=contemporary)

-Henry was in his bedroom. He was reading a book.

-When I arrived, Tom was talking on the phone.

-While I was studying, the phone rang.) un' azione programmata per il futuro in relazione a un momento passato

-He said he was going to work by car the following day.) past annoying habit ("ALWAYS")

-John was always ringing me up!4) Polite I WAS WONDERING IF you could help me!

I WAS HOPING you might help me find the answer. Uncertainty I WAS THINKING OF HAVING a party next week.5) an action in the past that continued over a specified period of time ----//////---now

-I was watching TV all day.

-I was studying between p.m. and 7 p.m..6) demanding an account of an activity - not permitted -

-What were you doing in my room? I was looking for a book.7) abandoned idea / proposal

-I was hoping to…

-I was planning to go there but…Past Perfect1) past before pastØ before the time considered -She had gone to bed BEFORE MIDNIGHT.Ø Before another action always belonging to the past -When she had finished her work, she relaxed.) with frequency adverbs) as soon as it was the first time if I had studied… I wish I had known… THE FUTUREWill1) predictions (vs to be going to dove vedi la causa) -Computer will never replace teachers. -Don't worry, it won't rain tomorrow! -PROBABLY / PERHAPS it will become dirtier if nothing will be done.) dopo verbi di opinione, supposizione, certezza, speranza (think, suppose, be sure, hope…) -I hope you'll come in time for the performance.) spontaneous, unplanned decision (decisione presa al momento e non programmata vs to be going to) -It's raining! I'll take my umbrella. -the phone is ringing. I'll go and answer!4) azioni future non dipendenti dalla volontà di nessuno -I'll be 18 in July. -Will there be many people at the lecture?5) nelle dubitative / interrogative indirette -I don't doubt that she'll pass the exam. -I don't know if he'll come.6) offerta, promessa, minaccia, richiesta7) deduction -Is that the phone? It'll be (=MUST BE) Andrew.Timetable Future (pres + time marker)-The bus leaves at .Diary Future (pres.cont + time marker)1) a plan, an appointment already fixed nel vicino futuro -I'm going to the doctor tomorrow. -I'm leaving for France tonight.) to ask about social arrangements -Ware you doing anything tonight?To Be Going To Future of Intention1) l' intenzione di compiere un' azione -What are you going to do after your diploma? -I'm going to fix the TV tomorrow.) un' azione imminente che ci si aspetta che avvenga o che sta per avvenire (prediction but we can see the cause of the event) -It's cloudy It's going to rain again!Future Continuous1) un'azione in corso nel momento futuro in considerazione -At this time tomorrow I'll be travelling to London.) un'azione futura che rientra nel normale corso degli eventi - as usual…- - As usual, I'll be meeting my relatives next Sunday.Future Perfect

1) un'azione futura che sarà già finita nel momento futuro considerato (BY; BY+PRECISE TIME OR DATE, BY THEN, BY THAT TIME…)- I'll have finished by 5 tomorrow.Future Perfect Continuous1) to express a predicted duration of a future action -At this time tomorrow I'll have been travelling FOR 4 hours.FUTURO nelle SUBORDINATEIF, UNLESS, WHEN, AS SOON AS, AS LONG AS, TILL1) FUTURO SEMPLICE + Pres - I won't be there when you come back.) FUTURO ANTERIORE +Pres.Perfect- As soon as you have finished, we'll go out.FUTURE in the PAST = CONDIZIONALE PRESENTE

-he said that he would never marry Jane.-the sky was blue, the sea was calm. It would certainly be a pleasant crossing.CONDITIONALS1) 0 Conditional always true; if = when(ever) -If I drink coffee in the evening, I don't sleep. -When there was snow, we went skiing.REMEMBER If she's still having a shower/If she's still here/If she hasn' t finished, she won't go away.) 1st Conditionals realistic / logical possibility - If I study, I'll / can do well my exam. -If it rains, we'll take an umbrella.) nd Conditional hypothetical (dreams, advice) - If I were you, I'd tell her the truth. -If he asked me nicely, I might/could give it to him. = vague possibility4) rd Conditional unreal/hypothetical past situation regret - If my brother had studied more, he would/might have become famous. -If only I had studied more I'd have done better (=regret) THE PASSIVEFORM the appropriate form of the verb "to be"+ past participle del verbo transitivo - ma non di I like-love pizza TEMPO FORMA ATTIVA FORMA PASSIVASimple present makes is madePresent continuous is making is being madeSimple past made was madePast continuous was making was being madePresent perfect has made has been madePast perfect had made had been madeSimple future will make will be madeFuture perfect will have made will have been madeGoing-to form is going to make is going to be madePresent conditional would make would be madePerfect conditional would have made would have been madePresent infinitive to make to be madePerfect infinitive to have made to have been madePresent participle-gerund making being madePerfect participle having made having been madeUSE 1) when the action is more important than the agent. The agent is actually -unknown my bike has been stolen. -obvious Mr Jones was arrested.) processes, routines (series of actions) -How is wine made? The grapes are gathered in the fields… -How does the Royal Mail work? First a letter is written…) divieti, istruzioni -smocking is not allowed here. -students are asked not to smoke.4) reporting current events/crime/historical events -the presidential election in the USA has been won by Bush.

NOTA BENE1) in colloquial English "to be" is often replaced by "to get" -My car got broken into again yesterday.) make (=to force) and ask require "to" -They made David work hard---David was made to work hard.) "let" becomes "allow"

4) HAVE STH DONEØ per servizi resi da terzi I had new tiles put on the roof.Ø Misfortunes happened to us caused by an unspecified person Peter had his car stolen last year.5) NEEDS DOING per indicare una persona o cosa che necessita di un servizio -The floor is dirty. It needs scrubbing.6) passivo dei verbi con doppio accusativo to bring, to give, to lend, to offer, to promise, to send, to tell - the director will offer him the role of Othello. He will be offered the role of Othello. - They didn't tell Laura the truth. Laura wasn't told the truth.7) il si passivante, per evitare THEY / PEOPLE, con verbi quail SAY, BELIEVE, UNDERSTAND. (=nell' attivo con lo stesso tempo tra princ. e subord.) -People say he is in debt. It is said to be in debt.

WISHES / REGRETS-I want / would like / would have liked to go I want /would like you to go -I prefer to go to the cinema than watch/instead of watching /to watching TV. I prefer you to go…Altri modi per rendere il condizionale - pres e pass di prefer· I'd rather (not) go --------- I'd rather have gone· I'd rather you went-------- I'd rather you had gone · I'd sooner you went-------- I'd sooner you had gone -You'd better (not)go=should=faresti meglio a -It's (high) time you went. -If only I hadn't broken it.= regret -Suppose / Imagine you were rich, what would you do? -Desideri realizzabili I hope to see you/I hope you won't be late

VS

WISHPRESENTE· I wish I had a new car-I wish I were rich.· I wish it wasn't snowing.

N.B. ANNOYING HABIT or A SPECIFIC ACTION YOU WOULD LIKE TO HAPPEN· I wish you wouldn't chew gum all the time.· I wish the police would do sth about these people.FUTURO· I wish I could do that tomorrow.· I wish I didn't have to get up early tomorrow.PASSATO· I wish I had listened to her-I wish it hadn't been snowing on my wedding day.

N.B. ANNOYING HABIT or A SPECIFIC ACTION YOU WOULD HAVE LIKED TO HAPPEN· I wish you wouldn't have talked all the time.Verbi che reggono ingCon preposizioneto apologise for scusarsi perto be afraid of aver paura dito be keen on essere appassionato dito be used to essere abituato ato get used to abituarsi ato be tired of essere stanco dito feel like essere disposto a-aver voglia dito give up smettere dito insist on insistere dito think of pensare dito thank s.o. for ringraziare qlc perto burst out scoppiare ato avoid Evitare dito admit he admits being wrong he admits that he's wrong Ammettere dito be busy essere occupato ato deny negare dito consider considerare dito practise esercitarsi ato enjoy divertirsi ato miss avere la mancanza dito imagine immaginare dito keep (on) continuare ato help aiutare ato mind dispiacere/avere qlc in contrarioto resist resistere ato risk rischiare ato suggest he suggested going he suggested that we went suggerire diEspressioni come…can't waste time non poter sprecare tempo acan't bear/stand non sopportarecan't help (MAcan't do without sth) non potere fare a meno diit's no use-no good è inutile-non serveit's ( is not ) worth (non) valere la penaN.B. Se il soggetto è diverso dalla principale͖V + AGG.POSS o GENITIVO o COMPL PERS + ing-I can't stand his/Paul's/him snoring.VERB +ING +TOhate like dislike love - prefer azione abituale-I love cooking. azione occasionale-What would you like to go?forget remember past event-I don't remember learning walk future event-obligation-Remember to do it!try suggestion-Try taking an aspirine,you'll be better. try and fail-I tried to warn him (but…)go on continue-she went on working even though it was late. aggiungere col diremean comportare,significare-leaving tomorrow will mean getting up early. avere l' intenzione-I meant to phone you but i forgot.stop give up-I stopped smoking. smettere per fare qualcos'altro-I stopped to buy some coffee.to be sorry (for se ing)/ regret azione passata-I regret not phoning you but I was late about what's going to be said-I regret to tell you that you have failedVerbi con infinito + tocan't afford non potersi permettereagree appear apparirearrange ask chiedere dichoose scegliere didecide decidere difail hope prepare prepararsi apromise promettere dimanage seem sembrarerefuse rifiutare diwait aspettare dithreaten minacciare diPrepositional Phrasesvote for votare perask for sth chiedere per avere qlcblame s.o. for incolpare qlc diwarn s.o. of sth avvisare qlc di qlcremind s.o. to do sth ricordare a qlc di fare qlcinsist on insistere arely on contare suapologise to s.o. for sth scusarsi con qlc di qlcgood at bravo inIt is good/kind of you to do sth è gentile da parte tua fare qlcParticiples1) as adjectives -I'm a boring person----the stolen wallet (=passive meaning)) participles clause dopo AFTER e BECOUSE; per sostituire clauses con when e le relative -Driving home i listened to… -Having arrived home late,he went out for supper pres.perf.participle -se 1 azione è finita prima

di un'altra.PRESENT TENSESPresent SimpleFORM rd person sing͖ -s

͖ -es wash, mix, go

͖ -fly flies; stay stays USE1) to denote truths· habitual a frequency adverb is often used-he smokes 40 cigarettes a day.-he usually takes the bus to work.· general, recurrent

-English people drink a lot of tea.· mathematical, scientific, geographical

-water boils at 100 degrees.

-the river Po flows into the Adriatic Sea.· permanent actions

-I live in Milan - vs - I'm living in Milan (now-temporary)) to give instructions / directions

-first you take eggs and then you mix them with…) in narrative to describe summarised events· journalism

-"Bush addresses Congress"· plot summaries film, book, historical table

-In Chapter 1 Susan meets Greg and…

-178. The French revolution begins.4) timetable future per orari di partenza/arrivo mezzi di trasporto; inizio/fine spettacoli…

-the train leaves at o'clock.

-he takes the 1st train tomorrow.5) suggerimenti, inviti alla forma negativa

-WHY DON'T YOU…?6) WHAT DO YOU DO?͖What's your job?7) with "state" verbs· percezione involontaria hear, see, smell, seem, appear, taste· volontà want, need, prefer,wish· sentimento love, like, dislike, hate· possesso have (got), belong, own, possess· cost, be, depend, matter, exist, weigh = pesare, contain, include· believe, know, suppose, think, understand.N.B. Some of these verbs can be used in continuous forms with a change of meaningØ I'm having breakfast. (=eat)Ø I'm tasting the soup to check if it needs more salt. (=sample)Ø I'm thinking of buying a new car (=consider)Present ContinuousFORM ie͖y lie/lying

c͖ck mimic/mimicking

run͖runningUSE1) a temporary action - now -; a continuous action already begun not yet complete

-he's studying.) a temporary action begun recently, continuing, but not expected to be permanent

-I'm living in Milan.) temporary habit not necessarily taking place at the moment

-I'm studying Japanese.4) a regrettable habit ("ALWAYS")

-he's always losing his keys!5) to describe a photo6) azione programmata per il futuro (appointment, arranfement already made)

-I'm seeing the doctor tomorrow morning.

-how long are you staying in Rome?7) formal (letters)Ø I am LOOKING FORWARD TO + ing da ora in poi, verso il futuroI have been looking forward to meeting her fine- nn vedevo l'ora…Ø TO BE HOPING TO + ingPAST TENSESSimple pastFORM cooked worried slipped mimickedUSE1) single finished action with clear time marker

-I played tennis yesterday

-I left my shopping bag on the train (= a definite place suggests a definite time)- N.B.I was born on 11th August,18.- ) past habits/states ( a time expression is usually necessary )

-I always got up early in those days.

-I rode a horse when I was young.

-I lived in Paris FOR several years before movin to London---not any longerN.B. USED TO past habit vs present

-I used to drink tea when I was young but now I prefer coffee./didn't use- did

you use to?/

WOULD past habit (usually in writing) but not in contrast with the present

-I would always make my mum a cup of tea after lunch.Present Perfect1) recent event without a definite time (sottointeso just)

-I have read the instructions but I don't understand them.N.B.- I bought a new bracelet l'attenzione è sull' azione

-When/where did you buy it? l'attenzione è sul luogo, tempo in cui l' azione, ormai

conclusa, è avvenuta.) event whose result is evident in the present

-I've broken my arm, as you can see.

-I've washed the car (=now it's cleaned)) past action with present relevance

-I've studied French (=so I can translate this passage)

-I've seen the film (=so I can tell you about it)

-INTERVIEW-RELEVANT EXPERIENCEWhy are you suitable for this job? Because I

have studied/I have worked…4) action begun in the past incomplete - it still goes on FOR SINCE

-I have lived in Milan for since…5) with ADVERBS of FREQUENCY· always often generally usually sometimes rarely/seldom hardly ever(-) never (-) ever (?)· still just already yet (-) almost recently

-I've just finished it. Ma-I've finished it recentlty-yet(-)

-I still have seen her.6) time span not yet over· this morning / afternoon / week / century…

-I've seen her this morning (she's probably still here)vs I aw her earlier (she could be

anywhere now)· so far/up to now (the job hasn't been too tiring)· all day· in my life· in the last few days / weeks· in this century· N.B.It's the 1st time…7) I HAVE BEEN to Bath times this week(=sono già tornato) I HAVE GONE to Bath today. I'm coming back at 6(=sono ancora a B.)8) with a future meaning following WHEN AFTER AS SOON AS (FUT. ANTER)

-I' ll come when I have finished.Present Perfect Continuous Past Perf Cont-USE 1) emphasises the length of time of an action. The action is NOT COMPLETED still goes on or recently finished. -I've been baking biscuits ALL AFTERNOON. -(So far) I've backed 50 biscuits altogether.(= giving the number of actions suggests

completion) -I've lived in this house FOR 5 years = I've been living in this house FOR 5 years.MAPRES.PERF.CONT con How long, sit, lie, wait, stay) explanation of a present situation - no…perchè… - -I won't shake hands, I've been gardening. -I've been digging the garden. That's why I'm so dirty! -Why are you so tired? I haven't been sleeping very well (=E' un pò di tempo che…)) explanation of a period of time just finishing -I'm sorry I'm late. I've been talking to my boss. -Where have you been? I've been waiting for ages. -They have been promising a new metro line for years but although they have been

talking and talking nothing has been done / they haven' t done anything.4)I' VE BEEN LOOKING FORWARD TO + ING I' VE BEEN MEANING/INTENDING TO VISIT for ages but I'm very busy implies that the action has not been done.

Past Continuous1) past action in progress (also descriptions); often contrasted with a sudden event in the Simple Past (=contemporary)

-Henry was in his bedroom. He was reading a book.

-When I arrived, Tom was talking on the phone.

-While I was studying, the phone rang.) un' azione programmata per il futuro in relazione a un momento passato

-He said he was going to work by car the following day.) past annoying habit ("ALWAYS")

-John was always ringing me up!4) Polite I WAS WONDERING IF you could help me!

I WAS HOPING you might help me find the answer. Uncertainty I WAS THINKING OF HAVING a party next week.5) an action in the past that continued over a specified period of time ----//////---now

-I was watching TV all day.

-I was studying between p.m. and 7 p.m..6) demanding an account of an activity - not permitted -

-What were you doing in my room? I was looking for a book.7) abandoned idea / proposal

-I was hoping to…

-I was planning to go there but…Past Perfect1) past before pastØ before the time considered -She had gone to bed BEFORE MIDNIGHT.Ø Before another action always belonging to the past -When she had finished her work, she relaxed.) with frequency adverbs) as soon as it was the first time if I had studied… I wish I had known… THE FUTUREWill1) predictions (vs to be going to dove vedi la causa) -Computer will never replace teachers. -Don't worry, it won't rain tomorrow! -PROBABLY / PERHAPS it will become dirtier if nothing will be done.) dopo verbi di opinione, supposizione, certezza, speranza (think, suppose, be sure, hope…) -I hope you'll come in time for the performance.) spontaneous, unplanned decision (decisione presa al momento e non programmata vs to be going to) -It's raining! I'll take my umbrella. -the phone is ringing. I'll go and answer!4) azioni future non dipendenti dalla volontà di nessuno -I'll be 18 in July. -Will there be many people at the lecture?5) nelle dubitative / interrogative indirette -I don't doubt that she'll pass the exam. -I don't know if he'll come.6) offerta, promessa, minaccia, richiesta7) deduction -Is that the phone? It'll be (=MUST BE) Andrew.Timetable Future (pres + time marker)-The bus leaves at .Diary Future (pres.cont + time marker)1) a plan, an appointment already fixed nel vicino futuro -I'm going to the doctor tomorrow. -I'm leaving for France tonight.) to ask about social arrangements -Ware you doing anything tonight?To Be Going To Future of Intention1) l' intenzione di compiere un' azione -What are you going to do after your diploma? -I'm going to fix the TV tomorrow.) un' azione imminente che ci si aspetta che avvenga o che sta per avvenire (prediction but we can see the cause of the event) -It's cloudy It's going to rain again!Future Continuous1) un'azione in corso nel momento futuro in considerazione -At this time tomorrow I'll be travelling to London.) un'azione futura che rientra nel normale corso degli eventi - as usual…- - As usual, I'll be meeting my relatives next Sunday.Future Perfect

1) un'azione futura che sarà già finita nel momento futuro considerato (BY; BY+PRECISE TIME OR DATE, BY THEN, BY THAT TIME…)- I'll have finished by 5 tomorrow.Future Perfect Continuous1) to express a predicted duration of a future action -At this time tomorrow I'll have been travelling FOR 4 hours.FUTURO nelle SUBORDINATEIF, UNLESS, WHEN, AS SOON AS, AS LONG AS, TILL1) FUTURO SEMPLICE + Pres - I won't be there when you come back.) FUTURO ANTERIORE +Pres.Perfect- As soon as you have finished, we'll go out.FUTURE in the PAST = CONDIZIONALE PRESENTE

-he said that he would never marry Jane.-the sky was blue, the sea was calm. It would certainly be a pleasant crossing.CONDITIONALS1) 0 Conditional always true; if = when(ever) -If I drink coffee in the evening, I don't sleep. -When there was snow, we went skiing.REMEMBER If she's still having a shower/If she's still here/If she hasn' t finished, she won't go away.) 1st Conditionals realistic / logical possibility - If I study, I'll / can do well my exam. -If it rains, we'll take an umbrella.) nd Conditional hypothetical (dreams, advice) - If I were you, I'd tell her the truth. -If he asked me nicely, I might/could give it to him. = vague possibility4) rd Conditional unreal/hypothetical past situation regret - If my brother had studied more, he would/might have become famous. -If only I had studied more I'd have done better (=regret) THE PASSIVEFORM the appropriate form of the verb "to be"+ past participle del verbo transitivo - ma non di I like-love pizza TEMPO FORMA ATTIVA FORMA PASSIVASimple present makes is madePresent continuous is making is being madeSimple past made was madePast continuous was making was being madePresent perfect has made has been madePast perfect had made had been madeSimple future will make will be madeFuture perfect will have made will have been madeGoing-to form is going to make is going to be madePresent conditional would make would be madePerfect conditional would have made would have been madePresent infinitive to make to be madePerfect infinitive to have made to have been madePresent participle-gerund making being madePerfect participle having made having been madeUSE 1) when the action is more important than the agent. The agent is actually -unknown my bike has been stolen. -obvious Mr Jones was arrested.) processes, routines (series of actions) -How is wine made? The grapes are gathered in the fields… -How does the Royal Mail work? First a letter is written…) divieti, istruzioni -smocking is not allowed here. -students are asked not to smoke.4) reporting current events/crime/historical events -the presidential election in the USA has been won by Bush.

NOTA BENE1) in colloquial English "to be" is often replaced by "to get" -My car got broken into again yesterday.) make (=to force) and ask require "to" -They made David work hard---David was made to work hard.) "let" becomes "allow"

4) HAVE STH DONEØ per servizi resi da terzi I had new tiles put on the roof.Ø Misfortunes happened to us caused by an unspecified person Peter had his car stolen last year.5) NEEDS DOING per indicare una persona o cosa che necessita di un servizio -The floor is dirty. It needs scrubbing.6) passivo dei verbi con doppio accusativo to bring, to give, to lend, to offer, to promise, to send, to tell - the director will offer him the role of Othello. He will be offered the role of Othello. - They didn't tell Laura the truth. Laura wasn't told the truth.7) il si passivante, per evitare THEY / PEOPLE, con verbi quail SAY, BELIEVE, UNDERSTAND. (=nell' attivo con lo stesso tempo tra princ. e subord.) -People say he is in debt. It is said to be in debt.

WISHES / REGRETS-I want / would like / would have liked to go I want /would like you to go -I prefer to go to the cinema than watch/instead of watching /to watching TV. I prefer you to go…Altri modi per rendere il condizionale - pres e pass di prefer· I'd rather (not) go --------- I'd rather have gone· I'd rather you went-------- I'd rather you had gone · I'd sooner you went-------- I'd sooner you had gone -You'd better (not)go=should=faresti meglio a -It's (high) time you went. -If only I hadn't broken it.= regret -Suppose / Imagine you were rich, what would you do? -Desideri realizzabili I hope to see you/I hope you won't be late

VS

WISHPRESENTE· I wish I had a new car-I wish I were rich.· I wish it wasn't snowing.

N.B. ANNOYING HABIT or A SPECIFIC ACTION YOU WOULD LIKE TO HAPPEN· I wish you wouldn't chew gum all the time.· I wish the police would do sth about these people.FUTURO· I wish I could do that tomorrow.· I wish I didn't have to get up early tomorrow.PASSATO· I wish I had listened to her-I wish it hadn't been snowing on my wedding day.

N.B. ANNOYING HABIT or A SPECIFIC ACTION YOU WOULD HAVE LIKED TO HAPPEN· I wish you wouldn't have talked all the time.Verbi che reggono ingCon preposizioneto apologise for scusarsi perto be afraid of aver paura dito be keen on essere appassionato dito be used to essere abituato ato get used to abituarsi ato be tired of essere stanco dito feel like essere disposto a-aver voglia dito give up smettere dito insist on insistere dito think of pensare dito thank s.o. for ringraziare qlc perto burst out scoppiare ato avoid Evitare dito admit he admits being wrong he admits that he's wrong Ammettere dito be busy essere occupato ato deny negare dito consider considerare dito practise esercitarsi ato enjoy divertirsi ato miss avere la mancanza dito imagine immaginare dito keep (on) continuare ato help aiutare ato mind dispiacere/avere qlc in contrarioto resist resistere ato risk rischiare ato suggest he suggested going he suggested that we went suggerire diEspressioni come…can't waste time non poter sprecare tempo acan't bear/stand non sopportarecan't help (MAcan't do without sth) non potere fare a meno diit's no use-no good è inutile-non serveit's ( is not ) worth (non) valere la penaN.B. Se il soggetto è diverso dalla principale͖V + AGG.POSS o GENITIVO o COMPL PERS + ing-I can't stand his/Paul's/him snoring.VERB +ING +TOhate like dislike love - prefer azione abituale-I love cooking. azione occasionale-What would you like to go?forget remember past event-I don't remember learning walk future event-obligation-Remember to do it!try suggestion-Try taking an aspirine,you'll be better. try and fail-I tried to warn him (but…)go on continue-she went on working even though it was late. aggiungere col diremean comportare,significare-leaving tomorrow will mean getting up early. avere l' intenzione-I meant to phone you but i forgot.stop give up-I stopped smoking. smettere per fare qualcos'altro-I stopped to buy some coffee.to be sorry (for se ing)/ regret azione passata-I regret not phoning you but I was late about what's going to be said-I regret to tell you that you have failedVerbi con infinito + tocan't afford non potersi permettereagree appear apparirearrange ask chiedere dichoose scegliere didecide decidere difail hope prepare prepararsi apromise promettere dimanage seem sembrarerefuse rifiutare diwait aspettare dithreaten minacciare diPrepositional Phrasesvote for votare perask for sth chiedere per avere qlcblame s.o. for incolpare qlc diwarn s.o. of sth avvisare qlc di qlcremind s.o. to do sth ricordare a qlc di fare qlcinsist on insistere arely on contare suapologise to s.o. for sth scusarsi con qlc di qlcgood at bravo inIt is good/kind of you to do sth è gentile da parte tua fare qlcParticiples1) as adjectives -I'm a boring person----the stolen wallet (=passive meaning)) participles clause dopo AFTER e BECOUSE; per sostituire clauses con when e le relative -Driving home i listened to… -Having arrived home late,he went out for supper pres.perf.participle -se 1 azione è finita prima

di un'altra.

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Stolen jane harrisson

If you order your cheap custom paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on stolen jane harrisson. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality stolen jane harrisson paper right on time.

Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in stolen jane harrisson, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your stolen jane harrisson paper at affordable prices with cheap custom writing service! i dont have one IntroductionHow we see and understand things constantly alters and reforms. Time and experience allow us to develop and change our attitudes and perceptions of everything people, events, ides, and even ourselves. Most of the time we are not overly conscious of this occurring but nonetheless, it is occurring. Indeed it is a natural process and not something that can be easily stopped or controlled. If you think about what you viewed as important in the world when you were five, ten and fifteen you will have some immediate idea of this process.Generally we develop views and attitudes about the world and ourselves by being influenced by our experiences. These include being exposed to and influenced by certain belief systems (such as those of our parents and peers) as well as by what we see and experience (such as TV or an important personal experience). It is very important to understand that everyone sees things differently and, therefore, form different opinions of events and people. Eyewitnesses of the one event can have very different views of what happened and why, in any given situation. Who they are and their previous experiences and value systems might determine this, or they might witness the events from some limited point of view. When we speak of perspective we are thinking about all these things.

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Elective DialogueThis unit has been prepared by Cathy Sly of Barrenjoey High School.In this elective, students explore the nature of speech and how speech is represented in a range of texts. Students will examine one prescribed text, in addition to other examples of spoken language in their lives, to explore the uses and conventions of dialogue and its interpersonal nature, who controls the conversation and whether certain voices are silenced. In their exploration of spoken language, students develop an understanding of the difference between written and spoken language.

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Krashen's Monitor Model Theory

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Krashen's Monitor Model Theory. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Krashen's Monitor Model Theory paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Krashen's Monitor Model Theory, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Krashen's Monitor Model Theory paper at affordable prices!A news item appearing in a Sunday weekend paper has alleged that an arms shipment could not be apprehended as a result of the information reaching the Sri Lanka Navy being leaked out to the LTTE by the Sri Lanka Monitoring Mission (SLMM). The news item refers to instructions given by the Secretary of Defence a few months back that resulted in engaging SLMM Monitors on board Navy ships while on operations at sea. The Ministry wishes to explain that the above instructions were given after the incident at sea causing the engagement of a ship in June this year, where the SLMM alleged that such incident could have been averted if the Navy used the services of the SLMM in interdicting the LTTE vessels. The Navy asserts that there was a shortage of Monitors and had and impact on the operations as a whole during the past weeks. It is confirmed that the referred information in this instance has been made known to the LTTE long before it was brought to the notice of any authority of this Ministry. The SLMM has informed the Ministry that SLMM had no intention of divulging any information but queried on any ships belonging to LTTE that were heading towards the eastern coast. A meeting was held yesterday in the Ministry with the Head of the SLMM Gen. Tryggve Teleffson, Commander of the Navy Vice Admiral Daya Sandagiri and the Secretary of the Ministry Austin Fernando where clarifications were sought from the SLMM as to whether and under what circumstances this information came to be passed on to the LTTE. The Secretary of the Ministry and the Commander of the Navy have explained to the SLMM the grave repercussions of such information falling in to the hands of LTTE, whatever the intensions of the SLMM were. It was agreed by the Head of Mission of the SLMM that any information of this nature will not be dealt with in this manner in the future.

A meeting was held in Trincomalee today on the same issue attended by the Minister of Defence Hon. Tilak Marapana, Secretary of Defence, Commander of the Navy, Rear Admiral Wasantha Karannagoda COMEAST of the Navy and Naval Officers Dissanayake and Ruwanpathirana who participated in the operation on the 16th in the eastern area. It was decided at this meeting that new operational procedures have to be prepared immediately in dealing with this type of situations and they should be adhered to by all parties in the interest of Navy, its personnel and the Peace Process, in which conflicting situations have to be avoided whilst ensuring the security of the country. The Minister of Defence will hold a meeting very early next week with the SLMM and the Navy to discuss further on this issue. Please note that this sample paper on Krashen's Monitor Model Theory is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Krashen's Monitor Model Theory, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Krashen's Monitor Model Theory will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

What is the Foreign Investment Review Board

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What is the Foreign Investment Review Board?

Foreign Investment Review Board examines proposals by foreign interests to undertake direct investment in Australia and makes recommendations to the Government on whether those proposals are suitable for approval under the Governments policy.

What is the purpose?

The main purposes of the Foreign Investment Review Board are

- To examine proposals by foreign interests for investment in Australia and, against the background of the Governments foreign investment policy, to make recommendations to the Government on those proposals.

- To advice the Government on foreign investment matters generally.

- To promote an awareness and understanding, both in Australia and abroad, of the Governments foreign investment policy.

- To provide guidance, where necessary, to foreign investors so that their proposals may be in traditional values with the policy.

- To monitor and ensure compliance with foreign investment policy.

Who has ultimate discretion to accept or reject the FIRB's recommendations?

The Foreign Investment Review Board purposes are not compulsory. Responsibility for the Governments foreign investment policy and for making decisions on proposals rests with the Treasurer. The Parliamentary Secretary makes many of the decisions requiring Ministerial consideration to the Treasurer.

The Foreign Investment Review Board is assisted by an Executive which is part of the Treasury and also has available to it advice from other Commonwealth and State Government departments and authorities.

What were the reasons for rejecting the Woodside Takeover?

I believe that the rejection of the Woodside Takeover was because; it does not deal with the national interest. It was also a political issue and was determined by Peter Costello after getting the influence of the Treasury of the Foreign Investment Review Board. If the go ahead of the Woodside issue it will lower the Australian Dollar that will drive the Dollar to an all time low. This rejection ensures that it was in the national interest of the Public.

Are there any industries or areas, which are off limits, or have limitations n foreign investment? Explain

The area's that have off limits on foreign investment include -

- Educations

- Health

- Postal

- Water

These are off limits to overseas competition and the industries include -

- Media

- Banking

- Telecommunication

There are over countries have asked Australia to open these areas to them and to drop its foreign investment restrictions.

Please note that this sample paper on What is the Foreign Investment Review Board is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on What is the Foreign Investment Review Board, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on What is the Foreign Investment Review Board will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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PINK FLOYD When classic literature is discussed

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on PINK FLOYD When classic literature is discussed. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality PINK FLOYD When classic literature is discussed paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in PINK FLOYD When classic literature is discussed, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your PINK FLOYD When classic literature is discussed paper at affordable prices!When classic literature is discussed, minds often turn to long dead poets, playwrights, and other revered minds of theliterary world. However, anything in the realm of modern music is often simply dismissed due to the pop culture nature of it.Caught directly in this glaring oversight is long-time Pink Floyd lyricist Roger Waters. Waters' lyrics of pain, isolation, insanity,and political satire cannot be overlooked simply because they are presented in modern rock songs. Waters' songs and albums

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are indeed valid literary works as they explore the facets of everyday life, much like the classic works of the past.Of the many albums he has penned, each one presents its own concept. These concepts are masterfully fleshed out overthe course of the album, taking the listener on an audiophonic tour of Roger's world. Albums such as "Animals," a moderninsight into society much like George Orwell's Animal Farm, and "The Dark Side of the Moon," an exploration of insanity,serve as all-time classics in the music world. Perhaps it was the cult-like mysticism that followed the band through their historythat made them a revolutionary cultural icon; more than likely it was the common interest that humans hold of the unexplainedparts of society. Combine this interesting song context with the Floyd's lush sound and a band whose music has defined ageneration is born.George Roger Waters was born September , 14 (Schaffner, 11, p. 15) while World War II was raging on. Roger,as he came to be called, was the third child of Eric Waters - the only child that never knew his father. The elder Waters wasgunned down in Italy in early 144 along with forty thousand other British soldiers in the attempt to capture the AnzioBridgehead from the Nazis (Schaffner, 11, p. 15). Subsequently, Roger was raised by his widowed mother, Mary Waters. Without a paternal figure in the house, Roger was brought up in a very no-nonsense manner. Right and wrong were clearlydefined, and as soon as he was of age, he was shipped off to grammar school. This strict, sheltered childhood had a lastingimpact on Roger's life and music which is most evidently seen in "The Wall".After grammar school, Roger attended the Cambridge County High School For Boys. Here he met future band memberSyd Barrett. After graduating high school, Roger elected to study architecture at Regent Street Polytechnic, where he met RickWright and Nick Mason. The three immediately developed a friendship and formed a band "Sigma 6". After gainingpopularity locally, the trio ran into Syd Barrett, Roger's old school chum, and Bob Close. Close immediately joined Sigma 6as lead guitarist, but frequently clashed with Barrett when it came to experimenting with sound. Consequently, Close left theSigma 6, leaving Syd to lead the group.With the advent of Syd, they decided a name change was in order. Syd renamed his new band, calling it "The Pink FloydSound - a tribute to Georgia blues players Pink Anderson and Floyd Council. The new group hit the London underground andbecame an instant hit with the people with their long winded "space" jams such as "Interstellar Overdrive" and "AstronomyDomine" which featured a liquid light show projected onto a screen behind them. After refining both their image and theirsound as the regular house band at the UFO, they went professional as "Pink Floyd" on February 1, 167 (Schaffner, 11, p.6). Shortly after this leap of progress, they released their first single "Arnold Layne," the story of a cross-dressingkleptomaniac. No sooner had the Floyd released it than they were taking flak over it. Radio London banned the single,labeling it as "smutty" (Schaffner, 11, p. 54). "If we can't write and sing songs about various forms of human predicament,"Roger retorted, "then we might as well not be in the business"(Schaffner, 11, p. 54). This was truly a prediction of things tocome, as he would pen four albums in the seventies that would not only explore human predicament, but also set the musicworld on its ear.After the success of "Arnold Layne," the Floyd released their debut album in 167. Named after the seventh chapter inThe Wind In The Willows, "The Piper at the Gates of Dawn" was an instant success, featuring instrumental tracks "InterstellarOverdrive" and "Pow R. Toc H.," as well as the Waters penned "Take Up Thy Stethoscope and Walk." The title of the albumalso had an ominous prognosis. The chapter from which it was taken was the chapter wherein the young otter Portly was lostand Rat and Mole went looking for him. While they were searching for Portly during the night, they were drawn to an island inthe middle of the stream by the sound of piping. The island was described as "Reserved, shy, but full of significance, it hidwhatever it might hold behind a veil, keeping it till the hour should come." Here they found a Piper, "Some great animal," whohad found Portly and was keeping him safe until he was found. After this experience, Mole remarked "I feel as if I had beenthrough something very exciting and rather terrible, and it was just over; and yet nothing in particular has happened." To this,Rat replied "Or something very surprising and splendid and beautiful." (Grahame, 108, pp. 74-8) This whole experience forMole and Rat was much like the experience of releasing an album for Pink Floyd. Until then, all of their talents remainedhidden behind a veil - with the release of an album, the music world would be able to see what Pink Floyd could do. Theconversation between Mole and Rat also holds more significance than could have been imagined when they first named thealbum. True, the release of "Piper" could have been "nothing in particular," but it turned out to be "something very ... splendid"(Grahame, 108, p. 8).After the initial success of "The Piper at the Gates of Dawn," lead guitarist Syd Barretts mental health began to decline. Assisted largely by the vast amounts of acid he was taking, combined with the instant pop-stardom he had achieved, hebecame "well freaked-out" (Schaffner, 11, p.76) much of the time, as well as very undependable for gigs. When he waswell enough to perform, he often stood on stage with a vacant expression, randomly strumming at various chords. Irked attheir bandleader's unreliability, the others began talking of letting him go from the band. One day they simply didn't pick himup for rehearsal; on April 6, 168, it was announced that Syd Barrett had "left" the group.Without Syd, Roger took up much of the responsibility as band leader, which not only included hiring David Gilmour as thenew lead, but also penning the majority of the songs. Their sophomore album, "A Saucerful of Secrets", proved to be amilestone in the second year of Pink Floyd's career. Without Syd, the primary influence for their psychedelic nature, they hadto find their own way, both in music and image. While there were traces of Syd on the album, such as the psychotic "JugbandBlues," the album was mainly progressive in nature. The listener got a taste of what was to come from Waters with thesarcastic "Corporal Clegg," the tale of a "shell-shocked war hero." (Schaffner, 11, p. 1) However, the most evolvedsong in the way of the Floydian sound that became the standard in the seventies was probably the title track "A Saucerful ofSecrets."With each subsequent album, Pink Floyd continued to develop their sound a little more with every release. Over thecourse of the next five years, the Floyd released two more notable studio albums, "Atom Heart Mother" in 170 and "Meddle"in 171. Although "Atom Heart Mother" did give them their first number one record, the only piece that served to developtheir sound further was, once again, the title track. "I'm bored with most of the stuff we've done. I'm bored with most of the stuff we play ... There isn't much new stuff, isthere?" (Waters as quoted in Melody Maker, March 7, 170). If there was one crowning moment that shifted things into"overdrive", then this would have to be it. Roger became truly bored with everything Floyd had done up to that point in time,and he decided it was time to make a change. The album "Meddle" was that change. Filled with jazz riffs, a sweet harmony,and even some innovative pieces, "Meddle" was the record that began the era of definitive Floyd. In the fashion of "ASaucerful of Secrets" and "Atom Heart Mother", "Meddle" also contained a long instrumental piece, this time titled "Echoes." Utilizing a repeat echo unit left over from the Syd Barrett era, each member went into the studio and recorded variousinstrumental "ramblings" and whatever else came to mind at the moment (Schaffner, 11, p. l64). When this was edited, PinkFloyd had a twenty-three minute soundscape of musical wonder. More interesting was "Fearless," a song to which Rogerwrote the words and Dave Gilmour penned the score. With lyrics like "fearlessly the idiot faced the crowd,"(Pink Floyd,000, meddle.html) that hinted at the Barrett situation, "Fearless" directly inspired another song. After the "Meddle" sessions,Waters penned another song "The Dark Side of the Moon," which alluded to Syd even more directly, but decided to save itfor a future project which was beginning to form in his subconscious. Another precursor to their future works was the openingtune on "Meddle," titled "One of These Days (I'm Going to Cut You into Little Pieces)." Packaged in a song that was lessthan six minutes long, the slightly psychotic, yet hypnotic groove was a hint of what was to come two years in the future (PinkFloyd, 000, meddle.html) Eleven years into the existence of Pink Floyd, they had found their niche in the music society.In 17, Pink Floyd broke into immortality. They released an album which would "eclipse" all other record sales,remaining on the Billboard charts for an industry best fourteen years. That album was "The Dark Side of The Moon." "DarkSide" was "a collection of epics steeped in Waters lyrics of paranoia, alienation, and schizophrenia." (Pink Floyd, 000,dark.html) This was the work that truly explored Barrett's mental lapse, as well as some of the problems in society and life ingeneral that lead to other mental trauma. Working with sound engineer Alan Parsons, they seamlessly blended in a multitude ofsounds, ranging from the public address at an airport terminal to footsteps, a cash register, clocks, and the pulsing heartbeatthat opened and closed the album. Adding to the mystique of all of these sound effects were the barely audible spoken passages that can be heard throughout the album. These chilling speeches were the result of interviewing random Abbey Roadoccupants about their views on insanity, death, and violence. "The Dark Side of the Moon" can be best described as "complex simplicity". While this is an oxymoron, it fits the albumperfectly. All of the titles are very straightforward, yet the lyrics are very insightful, almost brutally honest in some cases. Forexample, "Breathe" is simply about life and living.Run, run rabbit run / Dig that hole, forget the sun, And when at last the work is done / Don't sit down it's time to start another one For long you live and high you fly / But only if you ride the tideAnd balanced on the biggest wave / You race toward an early grave.(Pink Floyd, 000, dark.html)Utilizing symbolism and metaphors, Waters puts the hurried pace of life into a different perspective. With the proper insight, itis easy to see how one might go a little awry in their thought processes with the stress of touring and recording along with thedaily duties of life.Their first American "Top 40" hit also came from this album. The sixth track, "Money," was not only very popular, but italso carried a very strong message about the society of this time period. "Grab that cash with both hands and make a stash /New car, caviar, four star daydream / Think I'll buy me a football team" (Pink Floyd, 000, dark.html). While this passageisn't deeply metaphorical, it does present a sarcasm-drenched point. What is happiness? Happiness is not necessarily owninga football team, but perhaps a transcendental happiness like Thoreau's "Walden". This kind of happiness doesn't revolvearound any sort of material possession, but just an inner happiness. The way Thoreau saw it, as long as you were happy withwho you were, nothing else mattered.Closing the "Dark Side" album was the song that had the working title of the same name, penned by Waters two yearsprior in ‘71. Retitled "Brain Damage / Eclipse" for inclusion on the album, it is a powerful allusion directly to Syd. "BrainDamage," a rather self-evident title, refers to the vast quantities of LSD which led to Syd's eventual downfall. With lyrics suchas "The lunatic is on the grass / Remembering games and daisy chains and laughs / Got to keep the loonies on the path" (PinkFloyd, 000, dark.html), it refers to the actual process of his mental breakdown. This song segues into "Eclipse", whichalludes to the final days of Syd's presence in which he was creative and still very gifted, just undependable. Following a stylewhich is very poetic in nature, Waters presents his ideas in list form to make the point.All that you do / All that you say ... All that is now / All that is gone All that's to comeAnd everything under the sun is in tuneBut the sun is eclipsed by the moon.(Pink Floyd, 000, dark.html)Using the sun and the moon as a metaphor for Syd's life, Roger ends the song with a good point, even a sort of an ode tohis friend. Everything in Barrett's life (everything under the sun) was in great condition. His music was good, the lyrics hewrote were not the mainstream of sex and drugs, but were creative songs about life. However, his drug use (the moon)eclipsed all of these good things to destroy his career as well as his life.After the remarkable commercial success of "The Dark Side of the Moon," Pink Floyd had high standards to live up to. Under pressure from the record company to come out with another smash-hit album, they did just that. The new album wouldbe called "Wish You Were Here"; it could have just as easily been called "The Pink Floyd Story."Sandwiched between a parts I-IV and VI-IX of "Shine On You Crazy Diamond," a musical tribute to Syd Barrett werethree satirical songs which would immediately become classics. "Welcome to the Machine," a "diatribe against an industry more concerned with money than creative music making"(www.pinkfloyd.com/lyrics/wish.html, 4/0/00) was the first of the three middle songs. With its mechanized throb of a VCSsynthesizer, its lyrics likened the record industry to a machine, only capable of producing hits, not interested in the art of musicmaking. "Welcome my son, welcome to the machine / What did you dream? It's all right, we told you what to dream" (PinkFloyd, 000, wish.html). This was the attitude that the Floyd ran into after the success of "Dark Side"; the companies nowknew what they were capable of, and they wouldn't settle for anything less."Oh by the way, which one's Pink?" (Pink Floyd, 000, wish.html). Believe it or not, this was actually asked of the bandwhen they were first starting out. "Have a Cigar" was written in the same spirit as "Welcome to the Machine," but wasdirected more at the executives than at the industry itself....We're so happy we can hardly count.Everybody else is just green, have you seen the chart?It's a helluva start, it could be made into a monster if we all pull together as a team.And did we tell you the name of the game, boy?We call it riding the Gravy Train.(Pink Floyd, 000, wish.html)This was just one of the many frustrations that the members of Pink Floyd experienced over the course of their careers. Theexecutives seemed to have a very cavalier attitude toward the bands, and they were more than willing to ride the "Gravy Train"as Roger put it."Wish You Were Here," the title track for the album, was an acoustic contemplation of life which utilized a series ofquestions to express the feeling of disillusionment that was often felt by both Waters and Barrett. Perhaps the most poignantcontemplation in the song was the passage "We're just two lost souls swimming in a fish bowl, year after year / Running overthe same old ground / What have you found? The same old fears. / Wish you were here" (Pink Floyd, 000, wish.html). Thisaccurately expresses both the unsureness that Roger often felt about the band's future, as well as the longing he had for hisfriend.While the filler songs were very good, and extremely popular, it was the nine-movement "Shine On You Crazy Diamond"which made the album spectacular. Following a style very similar to that of Shakespeare in Macbeth, Waters uses oxymoronsand the juxtaposition of unlike ideas layered over a masterful soundscape to create a very beautiful ode to his friend, SydBarrett. "Remember when we were young, you shone like the sun / Shine on you crazy diamond / Now theres a look in your eyes,like black holes in the sky / Shine on you crazy diamond" (Pink Floyd, 000, wish.html). With this, the "Wish You Were Here"album is opened. Movements I-V deal with Syd's young adulthood and the formation of Pink Floyd, only hinting at the tragicdownfall which would come years later. When he was young, indeed, he did indeed shine "like the sun", both in appearanceand his gift for music. However, as his career progressed, and his health regressed, he "wore out his welcome with randomprecision" (Pink Floyd, 000, wish.html) and the Floyd could no longer function effectively as a band with him in the group. "Random precision," when one thinks about it, is a very beautiful concept within itself. Random, implying that something has noset pattern, and precision, with the implication of an exacting process, don't seem to fit together in the least bit. This wasn't atall true with Syd; He was still very much a member in the band up until his dismissal in the creative sense, he just wasn'tcarrying his weight when it came to playing gigs and other vital roles.After the three middle songs told their tales of Pink Floyd's plight, the album was ended with "Shine On You CrazyDiamond VI-IX". This was a final tribute to Syd, although it wouldn't be their last musical tribute to their "piper" ever.Nobody knows where you are, how near or how far.Shine on you crazy diamondPile on many more layers and I'll be joining you there.Shine on you crazy diamondAnd we'll bask in the shadow of yesterday's triumph, sail on the steel breezeCome on you boy child, you winner and loser,Come on you miner for truth and delusion, and shine.(Pink Floyd, 000, wish.html)Thus ends the album with a touching salute to his bygone friend. Perhaps the nicest thing he wrote was in these movementswas "come on you boy child, you winner and loser, ... miner for truth and delusion...". This juxtaposition, much likeShakespeare's "Fair is foul and foul is fair" (Prentice Hall, 18, p. 46) conveys his sympathy and understanding remarkablywell. Displacing any feelings of resentment with pity and understanding, Roger uses the comparisons as if to say "We know itwasn't intentional; you're forgiven."In 177, while England was in the clutches of the punk revolution, Pink Floyd decided to get back to basics. Abandoningtheir trademark soundscapes, they decided to release a basic guitar driven album for a change. They did this with success, butthe musical style was the only thing they changed. Waters, once again came out with a fresh concept album, this one taking alook at the modern social system. This album was to be titled "Animals", an anthropomorphism of the human race into animalform much like Orwell's novel Animal Farm. Waters divided up the human race into three categories dogs, pigs, and sheep. Through his sociopolitical venom and graceful lyrics, he accurately portrayed the dogs as merciless opportunists, grasping forsuccess at any price; the pigs as pathetic, self-righteous tyrants; and the sheep as the mindless followers being used by the pigsand the dogs (Pink Floyd, 000, animals.html), much like Orwell did in his own allegory. The first animals the listener is introduced to are the dogs. As mentioned, the dogs are the opportunists in the world,including people like businessmen, politicians, and perhaps even lawyers.Although this is not directly stated in the song at any point, one can infer what they want through the satire which Waters used. You gotta be able to pick out the easy meat with your eyes closed... And after a while, you can work on points for style Like the club tie, and the firm handshake... You have to be trusted by the people you lie toSo that when they turn their backs on youYou'll get the chance to put the knife in.(Pink Floyd, 000, animals.html)Roger has an inherent distrust for anyone in a club tie and a good handshake, but for good reason. There must have beenmany times where he was introduced to a record executive much like this, only to be dealt a poor hand in the end.In the end, Roger has the dogs die a solitary death, consumed by cancer. This is another excellent use of metaphor. It isunlikely that they would die specifically from cancer, but cancer is a very nice likeness of being "cloaked in an air of selfimportance" - it invades your body and eventually takes it over, much like a cancer does (Pink Floyd, 000, animals.html).Closing the song were the thoughts that must have ran through the dogs mind before he dies - he contemplated hisexistence. Following a style very similar to that of Beat poet Allen Ginsberg in his "Howl", Waters asks a question beginningwith "who" in a repeated fashion to make a point about society. "Who passed through universities with radiant eyeshallucinating Arkansas and Blake-light tragedy among the scholars of war, / Who were expelled from the academies for crazy& publishing obscene odes on the windows of the skull..." ("Howl", 155) was a point that Ginsberg was making about theconsciousness and development of society in the mid-150's.Who was born in a house full of pain?Who was trained not to spit in the fan?Who was told what to do by the man?Who was broken by trained personnel?Who was fitted with collar and chain?Who was given a pat on the back?Who was breaking away from the pack? (Pink Floyd, 000, animals.html)This use of the word "who" as well as each question by Waters in "Dogs" makes a very effective point, perhaps even more sothan Ginsberg. After listening to this, or reading it, one might seriously take a look at what their life has amounted to andperform a similar analysis.The next characters introduced are the pigs - the self-righteous tyrants of the group. This is a very close likeness to the pigsof Animal Farm, as it was Napoleon (a pig) that kept modifying the Seven Commandments so they would fit his purpose at thetime. Very much like present society, he modified the Seventh Commandment from its original state of "All animal are createdequal" to his version "All animals are created equal, but some animals are more equal than others" (Orwell, 146, p. 148) In "Pigs (Three Different Ones)", Waters makes a quick point with the opening stanza "Big man, pig man, ha ha, charadeyou are. / You well heeled big wheel, ha ha, charade you are." Not only by using the description of a typical boss figure, hereemphasizes the complete falseness of their tyranny with the constant repetition of "ha ha, charade you are (Pink Floyd, 000,animals.html). This makes not only for a very effective allegory of society, but it also adds a little humor while listening to it aswell.The last parts of society are the sheep. The mindless followers of the group, their sole purpose in life seems to revolvearound being used by the dogs and the pigs, as they are too mindless to have their own thought process. This too, was alsovery similar to Orwell's Animal Farm, as it was the Sheep that needed the Seven Commandments reduced to "Four legs good,two legs bad" (Orwell, 146, p. 7) so that they could grasp the concept as well as remember it."Harmlessly passing your time in the grassland away / Only dimly aware of a certain unease in the air / You better watchout / There may be dogs about" (Pink Floyd, 000, animals.html) is a very accurate depiction of society in general. It doesn'tmatter whether this was written in 177 or 17, the concept still holds true. There will always be a faction in society that istotally unaware. They will have no clue as to what is going on around them, nor will they care. Not all of them will be used bythe other people in society, but the potential is certainly there. In Roger's composition the sheep eventually revolt andoverthrow both the pigs and the dogs, which is slightly different from the sheep on the Animal Farm, since they were much tooscared to even sing "Beasts of England" aloud (as it was ruled illegal), let alone speak out against Napoleon and the Dogs. However, an uprising of sorts is possible in some ways. Eventually the Sheep of the world may figure out that they are indeedbeing used and that they outnumber the Pigs and the Dogs, but this is not likely.With three concept albums under his belt, Roger Waters was moving inevitably toward his magnum opus - "The Wall". "The Wall," as it turned out, was a collage of all three of his prior albums - "The Dark Side of the Moon," "Wish You WereHere," and "Animals". The main character in "The Wall", a combination of both Roger and Syd's personalities, was cleverly named "Pink Floyd". The album revolves around the "fictional" Pink Floyd's isolation behind a self imposed psychological wall. The wall has beenbuilt by various parts of his life and as he loses the ability to deal with these neuroses, the "worms" eat into his brain.Like so many classic works, "The Wall" is a framework story. The album opens with "In The Flesh?," an introduction tothe burnt out Pink. The song ends with "If you wanna find out what's behind these cold eyes / You'll just have to blow yourway through this disguise" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html), an invitation to look into Pink's life, and then it goes on to the nextsongs which explain his childhood. The next significant sequence is the "Another Brick in the Wall, Part I," "Happiest Days of Our Lives," "Another Brick inthe Wall, Part II" series. The listener learns that "Daddy's flown across the ocean, / Leaving just a memory" (Pink Floyd,000, wall.html) from "Another Brick ... Part I," much like Roger's own father did. In "Happiest Days of Our Lives," Rogerrecalls his own grammar school days with his stinging synopsis of the education system - "There were certain teachers, / Whowould hurt the children in any way they could, / By pouring their derision, / Upon anything we did, / Exposing every weakness,/ However carefully hidden by the kids" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html). As "Happiest Days" segues into "Another Brick In TheWall, Part II," the chorus (ironically, a group of school children) comes in with the verse "We don't need no education, / Wedon't need no thought control. / No dark sarcasm in the classroom. / Teacher leave those kids alone... All in all you're justanother brick in the wall (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html). As the album progresses, the listener will notice that all of thesenegative things in "Pink's" life are deemed the "bricks" which make up his wall.Another extension of Roger's childhood in the album was being raised by a war-widowed, overprotective mother, which ismost obviously translated in "Goodbye Blue Sky" and "Mother""...The flames are all long gone, / But the pain lingers on. / Goodbye blue sky" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html). The flames,serving as a powerful symbol for the war that claimed his father, took away his life as he knew it. Combine the pain of losinghis father as well as his overbearing mother and a few more bricks are put into place. Momma's going to keep you right here under her win.She won't let you fly, but she might let you sing....Ooo Babe, of course Momma's gonna help build the wall....Momma's going to check out all your girlfriends for youMomma won't let anyone dirty get throughMomma's gonna wait up until you get in....Ooo Babe, you'll always be baby to me.Mother did it need to be so high?(Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html)Even just an excerpt from the song shows how incredibly protective Pink's mother was, and certainly anyone who was a childcan remember how annoying this is, especially over long periods of time.With "Empty Spaces," Pink asks himself "How shall I fill the empty spaces? / How shall I complete the wall?" (Pink Floyd,000, wall.html). As an answer, he remembers both the fear and the fascination with sex, a result of his mother'soverprotectiveness, that he experienced after leaving home. The chorus of "Ooo, I need a dirty woman. / Ooo, I need a dirtygirl" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html) in "Young Lust" is a shining example of his early fascination with it. As the albumprogresses, the audience gets a glimpse of Pink's fear of commitment in both "One Of My Turns" and "Don't Leave MeNow" In "One Of My Turns," Pink has an neurotic episode, or "one of his turns". After taking home another groupie, he realizesthat "Day after day, / Our love turns gray, / Like the skin of a dying man" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html). After destroying theroom he was in, the girl he was with runs away, and he comes to a realization that he can't love, or be loved in the state he isin. "I need you, Babe, / To put through the shredder in front of my friends. / Oh Babe, / Don't leave me now. / How couldyou go?" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html), from "Don't Leave Me Now," is his realization of how completely destroyed his lifehas become. Ending the first disc are "Another Brick In The Wall, Part III" and "Goodbye Cruel World"."I don't need no walls around me. / And I don't need no drugs to calm me. / Don't think I need anything at all. / All in all it wasall just the bricks in the wall" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html). Pink now realizes that he has let everything in his life get to him,and he seems quite content in just slipping into his funk. With the final song, "Goodbye Cruel World," Pink accepts theinevitable - the wall was built, and there was no apparent way out.Not content with being trapped behind his wall, Pink makes his first plea for help to open the second disc with "Hey You".Hey you, would you help me to carry the stone? Open your heart, I'm coming home.But it was only fantasy,The wall was too high, as you can see.No matter how he tried he could not break free.And the worms ate into his brain.(Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html)Not only does the world hear Pink's cry for help, but the listener is also introduced to the "worms," which are Water's physicalmanifestation of insanity. The middle passage of the second disc, "Nobody Home" and "Comfortably Numb" serve as a reminder to Pink'spredicament; he is very isolated, both from society and life.I got the obligatory Hendrix perm,And the inevitable pinhole burns,All down the front of my favorite satin shirt....I've got wild, staring eyes.And I got a strong urge to fly,But I got nowhere to fly to ...fly to ...fly to ...fly to.(Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html)Once again, the listener is exposed to Pink's desire to escape, but indeed, be has nowhere to "fly to" as he sits, unaware, in hishotel room. He has no real friends, just the mindless fans, the groupies, and the money grubbing managers. Roger uses Syd as a model for Pink in "Comfortably Numb," perhaps here more than any other song. There were oftentimes where they would have to prop Syd up on stage because he was so "wasted", much like the doctors have to give Pink ashot of drugs just so he can perform the next show. "Comfortably Numb" serves as the dnouement in "The Wall," as this iswhere Pink makes some life decisions. As the record company doctors are drugging him up so that he is able to perform, herealizes what his life has become.When I was a child, I caught a fleeting glimpse,Out of the corner of my eye.I turned to look but it was gone. I cannot put my finger on it now.The child is grown, the dream is gone.I have become comfortably numb.(Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html)With this closing of the song, Pink begins his trial and prosecution of himself.The latter quarter of the album consists of Pink's mental evolution, his trial, and the crumbling of his wall. Afterreceiving the doctor's injection in "Comfortably Numb," his on-stage persona is transformed from a docile rock star to a"race-baiting fascist" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html) who will no longer be anyone's paean, Pink Floyd would now be his ownman. The first step was to confront the pathetic fans. "In The Flesh," this time without the question mark was Pink's viciousconfrontation of the crowd, condemning their lack of individual thought.So ya thought ya might like to go to the show.To feel the warm thrill of confusion, that space cadet glow.I got some bad news for you sunshine, Pink isn't well, he stayed back at the hotel,And he sent us along as a surrogate band.We're gonna find out where you fans really stand.(Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html)The song, named after the Floyd's 177 "In The Flesh" tour, ostracizes all of the mindless fans that Roger observed basking inthe "space cadet glow" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html), not really caring about or understanding anything they were doing. Much like Roger's reasoning for writing the album, Pink decides that he doesn't need that sort of person's support.Also maligning that sort of mindless conformity was the popular "Run Like Hell". With lyrics like "You better make yourface up, / In your favorite disguise, / With your button down lips, / And your roller blind eyes" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html),Roger blasts the way everyone seemed to think, act, and dress alike. Effectively proving the point, he ended the song with"You better run!" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html).Closing the album was the sequence of his trial, featuring "Waiting For The Worms," "The Trial," and "Outside The Wall." As Pink was waiting for the worms, he could have still gone either way. He could have easily remained behind the wall with the aid of the worms by taking the path of least resistance, orhe could go through his trial and overcome the wall. In "The Trial," Pink is presented with everything that contributed to his wall; his strict childhood, his mother, and his badexperiences with love. After hearing all of these things, the "Worm Judge," proposes a sentence.In all my years of judging, I have never heard before,Of someone more deserving of the full penalty of law.The way you made them suffer, Your exquisite wife and mother,Fills me with the urge to defecate!No, Judge, the jury!Since, my friend, you have revealed your deepest fear,I sentence you to be exposed before your peers.Tear down the wall!(Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html)In actuality, of course, there is no judge, no is there a jury. It is merely Pink making an evaluation of his life and coming to arealization that he has been both a coward and a fool. He tears down his own wall, leaving himself helpless and vulnerable forthe world to see him as a human; not some superhuman person that is incapable of showing human emotions.The album ends very appropriately, with a song entitled "Outside The Wall."The ones who really know you,Walk up and down outside the wall....And when they've given you their all, Some stagger and fall.After all it's not easy,Banging your head against some mad buggers wall.(Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html)With this passage, Roger presents the listener with a valuable message. You can't expect to be happy without ever lettinganyone near you. Pink had to learn through a very traumatic experience that it is completely natural to show human emotions;to love, to be loved, to care about things. The more a humans make themselves unattainable by means of a defense mechanismsuch as a "wall", the more people will "give you their all, ... [and] stagger and fall" (Pink Floyd, 000, wall.html); that is, give upon trying.Through a decade of music, Roger Waters has presented a multitude of life lessons to the music world. Whether it iscontemplating the meaning of life, or helping to look at the world around oneself, his lyrics prove effective time after time. From the biting sarcasm on "The Dark Side of The Moon" and "Wish You Were Here" to the satirical allegory on "Animals",Waters' lyrics are always presented in a clear, thoughtful fashion. When people brush Pink Floyd off as "trendy pop music",they are truly depriving themselves of both musical and lyrical genius.Please note that this sample paper on PINK FLOYD When classic literature is discussed is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. 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